坎帕尼亚地区（意大利南部）不饱和火山灰碎屑土的电阻率和基质吸力之间的相关性研究
A Study of the Correlation Between Electrical Resistivity and Matric Suction for Unsaturated Ash-Fall Pyroclastic Soils in the Campania Region (Southern Italy)
摘要：
在坎帕尼亚地区（意大利南部）的领土上，关键的降雨事件周期性地触发危险的快速斜坡运动，涉及火山灰和火山碎屑土起源于山的爆炸阶段。索玛-维苏威火山沿周围山脉沉积。在本文中，集成的工程地质和地球物理测量的特点不饱和火山碎屑岩样品收集在一个测试区的Sarno山（萨莱诺和阿韦利诺省，坎帕尼亚地区）。实验室分析的目的是确定土壤保水性和电阻率曲线与含水量。从匹配的实验数据，电阻率和基质吸力之间的直接关系检索典型的火山碎屑岩序列的灰落调查土层。得到的关系原来是有助于表征土壤接近饱和，这是一个临界条件的触发边坡破坏。在这种状态下，含水量和基质吸力具有小的变化，而电阻率变化可以在较大的值范围内被理解。出于这个原因，除了吸力测量非常小的土壤体积，通过经典的张力计，我们的分析表明，直接监测的原位电阻率值作为一种有效的工具，以识别水文状态的更大和更有代表性的土壤体积，并提高危险的斜坡运动的预警。
英文摘要：
In the territory of the Campania region (southern Italy), critical rainfall events periodically trigger dangerous fast slope movements involving ashy and pyroclastic soils originated by the explosive phases of the Mt. Somma-Vesuvius volcano and deposited along the surrounding mountain ranges. In this paper, an integration of engineering-geological and geophysical measurements is presented to characterize unsaturated pyroclastic samples collected in a test area on the Sarno Mountains (Salerno and Avellino provinces, Campania region). The laboratory analyses were aimed at defining both soil water retention and electrical resistivity curves versus water content. From the matching of the experimental data, a direct relationship between electrical resistivity and matric suction is retrieved for the investigated soil horizons typical of a ash-fall pyroclastic succession. The obtained relation turns out to be helpful in characterizing soils up to close saturation, which is a critical condition for the trigger of slope failure. In such a regime, the water content and the matric suction have small variations, while electrical resistivity variations can be appreciated in a larger range of values. For this reason, besides suction measurements on very small soil volumes through classical tensiometers, our analyses suggest the direct monitoring of in-situ electrical resistivity values as an effective tool to recognise the hydrological state of larger and more representative soil volumes and to improve early warning of dangerous slope movements.
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