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arXiv 1108.2287astro-ph.GA
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关于初始质量函数Salpeter斜率的起源

On the Origin of the Salpeter Slope for the Initial Mass Function

M. S. Oey

摘要:

我们认为,内在的,恒星的初始质量函数(IMF)遵循幂律斜率γ =2,继承了从分层碎片的分子云成团块和团块成恒星。在星团中,众所周知的对数萨尔彼得斜率(Salpeter slope)为Gamma=1.35,这是一个星团中所有恒星形成星团的总斜率,它比单个星团的固有斜率更陡,因为任何一个星团中最小的恒星形成星团都无法形成质量最高的恒星。我们的蒙特卡罗模拟表明,Salpeter幂律指数是得到的集群IMF的极限值时,允许的恒星质量和恒星形成的团块的质量下限有效地相等,m_lo = M_lo。这一条件实际上是由特征值m_c ~ 1 M_sun处的翻转对高质量IMF尾部施加的。当恒星和团簇的质量上限也等于m_up = M_up ~ 100 M_sun时,得到了Gamma ~ 2的IMF斜率,因此我们的模型解释了观测到的Gamma ~ 1到2的IMF斜率范围。当M_lo > m_up时,Gamma = 1的斜率预计会变平,这在星爆中是一个合理的条件,在星爆中这种斜率被认为会发生。虽然这个模型是恒星形成过程的一个简单的参数化,但它似乎很可能捕捉到产生大质量恒星IMF的Salpeter尾的基本元素。这些原理也可能解释在低密度恒星形成环境中看到的IGIMF效应。

英文摘要:

We suggest that the intrinsic, stellar initial mass function (IMF) follows a power-law slope gamma=2, inherited from hierarchical fragmentation of molecular clouds into clumps and clumps into stars. The well-known, logarithmic Salpeter slope GAMMA=1.35 in clusters is then the aggregate slope for all the star-forming clumps contributing to an individual cluster, and it is steeper than the intrinsic slope within individual clumps because the smallest star-forming clumps contributing to any given cluster are unable to form the highest-mass stars. Our Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the Salpeter power-law index is the limiting value obtained for the cluster IMF when the lower-mass limits for allowed stellar masses and star-forming clumps are effectively equal, m_lo = M_lo. This condition indeed is imposed for the high-mass IMF tail by the turn-over at the characteristic value m_c ~ 1 M_sun. IMF slopes of GAMMA ~ 2 are obtained if the stellar and clump upper-mass limits are also equal m_up = M_up ~ 100 M_sun, and so our model explains the observed range of IMF slopes between GAMMA ~ 1 to 2. Flatter slopes of GAMMA = 1 are expected when M_lo > m_up, which is a plausible condition in starbursts, where such slopes are suggested to occur. While this model is a simplistic parameterization of the star-formation process, it seems likely to capture the essential elements that generate the Salpeter tail of the IMF for massive stars. These principles also likely explain the IGIMF effect seen in low-density star-forming environments.

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