Improved Constraints on Type Ia Supernova Host Galaxy Properties using Multi-Wavelength Photometry and their Correlations with Supernova Properties
Ravi R. Gupta, Chris B. D'Andrea, Masao Sako, Charlie Conroy, Mathew Smith, Bruce Bassett, Joshua A. Frieman, Peter M. Garnavich, Saurabh W. Jha, Richard Kessle… 展开作者
Ravi R. Gupta, Chris B. D'Andrea, Masao Sako, Charlie Conroy, Mathew Smith, Bruce Bassett, Joshua A. Frieman, Peter M. Garnavich, Saurabh W. Jha, Richard Kessler, Hubert Lampeitl, John Marriner, Robert C. Nichol, Donald P. Schneider
We improve estimates of stellar mass and mass-weighted average age of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) host galaxies by combining UV and near-IR photometry with optical photometry in our analysis. Using 206 SNe Ia drawn from the full three-year SDSS-II Supernova Survey (median redshift of z {\approx} 0.2) and multi-wavelength host-galaxy photometry from SDSS, GALEX, and UKIDSS, we present evidence of a correlation (1.9σ confidence level) between the residuals of SNe Ia about the best-fit Hubble relation and the mass-weighted average age of their host galaxies. The trend is such that older galaxies host SNe Ia that are brighter than average after standard light-curve corrections are made. We also confirm, at the 3.0σ level, the trend seen by previous studies that more massive galaxies often host brighter SNe Ia after light-curve correction.
Still Accelerating: Type Ia supernova cosmology is robust to host galaxy age evolution
University of Southampton（南安普顿大学）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；Duke University（杜克大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory（斯坦福直线加速器中心）；University of Queensland（昆士兰大学）；Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)（空间科学研究所（欧洲空间研究中心，西班牙国家研究委员会））；Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)（加泰罗尼亚空间研究学院）；Lancaster University（兰卡斯特大学）；Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey（新泽西州立罗格斯大学）
Redshifts used in current cosmological supernova samples are measured using two primary techniques, one based on well-measured host galaxy spectral lines and the other based on supernova-dominated spectra. Here, we construct an updated Pantheon catalog with revised redshifts, redshift sources and estimated uncertainties for the entire sample to investigate whether these two techniques yield consistent results. The best-fit cosmological parameters using these two measurement techniques disagree, with a supernova-only sample producing $Ω_m$ 3.2$σ$ higher and $H_0$ 2.5$σ$ lower than a hostz-only …
A string of recent studies has debated the exact form and physical origin of an evolutionary trend between the peak luminosity of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and the properties of the galaxies that host them. We shed new light on the discussion by presenting an analysis of ~200 low-redshift SNe Ia in which we measure the separation of Hubble residuals (HR; as probes of luminosity) between two host-galaxy morphological types. We show that this separation can test the predictions made by recently proposed models, using an independently and empirically determined distribution of each morphologica…
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have assumed a fundamental role as cosmological distance indicators since the discovery of the accelerating expansion rate of the universe. Correlations between their optical peak luminosity, the decline rate of their light curves and their optical colours allow them to be standardised, reducing their observed r.m.s scatter. Over a decade ago, the optical peak luminosity of SNe Ia was found to correlate with host galaxy stellar mass, further improving their standardisation. Since then, host galaxy properties have been used in cosmological analyses of SNe Ia and trem…
Improving the use of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) as standard candles requires a better approach to incorporate the relationship between SNIa and the properties of their host galaxies. Using a spectroscopically-confirmed sample of $\sim$1600 SNIa, we develop the first empirical model of underlying populations for SNIa light-curve properties that includes their dependence on host-galaxy stellar mass. These populations are important inputs to simulations that are used to model selection effects and correct distance biases within the BEAMS with Bias Correction (BBC) framework. Here we improve BBC to…
We present GHOST, a database of 16,175 spectroscopically classified supernovae and the properties of their host galaxies. We have developed a host galaxy association method using image gradients that achieves fewer misassociations for low-z hosts and higher completeness for high-z hosts than previous methods. We use dimensionality reduction to identify the host galaxy properties that distinguish supernova classes. Our results suggest that the hosts of SLSNe, SNe Ia, and core collapse supernovae can be separated using host brightness information and extendedness measures derived from the host's…
Calibration uncertainties have been the leading systematic uncertainty in recent analyses using type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) to measure cosmological parameters. To improve the calibration, we present the application of Spectral Energy Distribution (SED)-dependent "chromatic corrections" to the supernova light-curve photometry from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). These corrections depend on the combined atmospheric and instrumental transmission function for each exposure, and they affect photometry at the 0.01 mag (1%) level, comparable to systematic uncertainties in calibration and photometry. Fi…
Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are widely used to measure distances in the Universe. Despite the recent progress achieved in SN Ia standardisation, the Hubble diagram still shows some remaining intrinsic dispersion. The remaining scatter in supernova luminosity could be due to the environmental effects that are not yet accounted for by the current standardisation methods. In this work, we compare the local and global colour $(U-V)$, the local star formation rate, and the host stellar mass to the host galaxy morphology. The observed trends suggest that the host galaxy morphology is a good paramete…
We present optical and near-infrared ($ugriYJH$) photometry of host galaxies of Type Ia supernovae (SN~Ia) observed by the \textit{Carnegie Supernova Project-I}. We determine host galaxy stellar masses and, for the first time, study their correlation with SN~Ia standardized luminosity across optical and near-infrared ($uBgVriYJH$) bands. In the individual bands, we find that SNe~Ia are more luminous in more massive hosts with luminosity offsets ranging between $-0.07 \pm0.03$ mag to $-0.15\pm0.04$ mag after light-curve standardization. The slope of the SN~Ia Hubble residual-host mass relation …
Type IIn supernovae potentially constitute a large fraction of the gravitationally lensed supernovae predicted to be found with upcoming facilities. However, the local rate is used for these estimates, which is assumed to be independent of properties such as the host galaxy mass. Some studies hint that a host galaxy mass bias may exist for IIn supernovae. This paper aims to provide an updated local IIn supernova-to-core-collapse ratio based on data from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey (BTS). Furthermore, the goal is to investi…
Photometric properties of intermediate redshift Type Ia Supernovae observed by SDSS-II Supernova Survey
分析了Sloan数字巡天II超新星巡天（SDSS II SN Survey）观测到的328颗中等红移（0.05 ≤ z < 0.24）Ia型超新星（SNe Ia）的多波段光变曲线。采用多波段拉伸方法对多波段光变曲线进行参数化，该方法可以简单地参数化光变曲线的形状和峰值亮度，而不需要尘埃消光模型。我们发现，大多数出现在红色宿主星系（u-r> 2.5）中的超新星Ia没有宽的光变曲线宽度，而出现在蓝色宿主星系（u-r < 2.0）中的超新星Ia则有不同的光变曲线宽度。Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验表明，在红/蓝宿主星系中出现的Ia超新星的颜色分布是不同的（显著性水平为99.9%）。我们还研究了宿主星系尘埃的消光规律。结果表明，由中等光变曲线宽度的Ia超新星所得到的Rv值与标准银河值是一致的。另一方面，在红色宿主星系中出现的SNe Ia的Rv值变得显着较小。这些结果表明，可能存在两种类型的Ia超新星，它们具有不同的固有颜色，并且它们被具有两种不同性质的宿主星系尘埃所掩盖。
The most direct and strongest evidence for the presence of dark energy is provided by the measurement of galaxy distances using SNe Ia. This result is based on the assumption that the corrected brightness of SN Ia through the empirical standardization would not evolve with look-back time. Recent studies have shown, however, that the standardized brightness of SN Ia is correlated with host morphology, host mass, and local star formation rate (SFR), suggesting a possible correlation with stellar population property. To understand the origin of these correlations, we have continued our spectrosco…
We present BVRI and unfiltered light curves of 93 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS) follow-up program conducted between 2005 and 2018. Our sample consists of 78 spectroscopically normal SNe Ia, with the remainder divided between distinct subclasses (three SN 1991bg-like, three SN 1991T-like, four SNe Iax, two peculiar, and three super-Chandrasekhar events), and has a median redshift of 0.0192. The SNe in our sample have a median coverage of 16 photometric epochs at a cadence of 5.4 days, and the median first observed epoch is ~4.6 days before maximum…
The reliability of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) may be limited by the imprint of their galactic origins. To investigate the connection between supernovae and their host characteristics, we developed an improved method to estimate the stellar population age of the host as well as the local environment around the site of the supernova. We use a Bayesian method to estimate the star formation history and mass weighted age of a supernova's environment by matching observed spectral energy distributions to a synthesized stellar population. Applying this age estimator to both the photometrically and spec…
We present DASH (Deep Automated Supernova and Host classifier), a novel software package that automates the classification of the type, age, redshift, and host galaxy of supernova spectra. DASH makes use of a new approach that does not rely on iterative template matching techniques like all previous software, but instead classifies based on the learned features of each supernova's type and age. It has achieved this by employing a deep convolutional neural network to train a matching algorithm. This approach has enabled DASH to be orders of magnitude faster than previous tools, being able to ac…
More luminous Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) prefer less massive hosts and regions of higher star formation. This correlation is inverted during width-color-luminosity light curve standardization resulting in step-like biases of distance measurements with respect to host properties. Using the PISCO supernova host sample and SDSS, GALEX, and 2MASS photometry, we compare host stellar mass and specific star formation rate (sSFR) from different observation methods, including local vs. global, and fitting techniques to measure their impact on the host step biases. Mass step measurements for all our ma…
