具有淬火无序的驱动层状系统的动力学诱导锁定和解锁跃迁
Dynamically Induced Locking and Unlocking Transitions in Driven Layered Systems with Quenched Disorder
摘要：
利用数值模拟，我们研究了一个简单的模型，两个或两个以上的耦合一维通道的驱动粒子的排斥相互作用的存在下，淬火无序。我们发现，该模型表现出非常丰富的各种动力学行为的功能的强度的淬火无序，通道之间的耦合，和外部驱动。对于较弱的无序，通道在单个步骤中脱钉。对于两个通道，我们发现动态诱导的解耦过渡，导致在共存的钉扎和移动阶段，以及移动解耦的阶段，在两个通道中的粒子以不同的平均速度移动和滑动过去的另一个。退耦也可以通过改变相邻通道中无序的相对强度来诱导。在更高的驱动下，我们观察到一个动态的重新耦合或锁定过渡到一个状态，没有相对运动之间的通道。这种重新耦合产生不寻常的速度力签名，包括负微分电导率。脱钉阈值在解耦和耦合转变附近显示出明显的变化，并表现出与其他系统中从弹性到塑性流动的转变相关的类型的峰值效应现象。我们绘制了几个动态相图，显示了耦合-去耦过渡和发生滞后的区域。我们还研究了不等量的淬火无序通道的共存制度。对于多通道，可以发生多个耦合和去耦转换;然而，对于双通道系统发现的许多一般特征仍然存在。我们的研究结果应该是相关的分层几何形状的系统，如在分层或纳米结构的超导体和维格纳或胶体粒子限制在纳米通道中的旋涡脱钉;他们也是有关的一般低估的塑性流动。
英文摘要：
Using numerical simulations, we examine a simple model of two or more coupled one-dimensional channels of driven particles with repulsive interactions in the presence of quenched disorder. We find that this model exhibits a remarkably rich variety of dynamical behavior as a function of the strength of the quenched disorder, coupling between channels, and external drive. For weaker disorder, the channels depin in a single step. For two channels we find dynamically induced decoupling transitions that result in coexisting pinned and moving phases as well as moving decoupled phases where particles in both channels move at different average velocities and slide past one another. Decoupling can also be induced by changing the relative strength of the disorder in neighboring channels. At higher drives, we observe a dynamical recoupling or locking transition into a state with no relative motion between the channels.This recoupling produces unusual velocity-force signatures, including negative differential conductivity. The depinning threshold shows distinct changes near the decoupling and coupling transitions and exhibits a peak effect phenomenon of the type that has been associated with transitions from elastic to plastic flow in other systems. We map several dynamic phase diagrams showing the coupling-decoupling transitions and the regions in which hysteresis occurs. We also examine the coexistence regime for channels with unequal amounts of quenched disorder. For multiple channels, multiple coupling and decoupling transitions can occur; however, many of the general features found for the two channel system are still present. Our results should be relevant to depinning in layered geometries in systems such as vortices in layered or nanostructured superconductors and Wigner or colloidal particles confined in nano-channels; they are also relevant to the general understating of plastic flow.
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