Z '规范玻色子作为低质量弦的先驱
Z'-gauge Bosons as Harbingers of Low Mass Strings
摘要：
大量的Z '规范玻色子是低弦标度弦紧化的良好预兆。在D膜模型中，它们与U（1）规范对称性相关联，U（1）规范对称性要么在四维中是反常的，要么表现出隐藏的高维反常。本文讨论了在强子对撞机（Tevatron，LHC）上，在由四个D-膜堆组成的最小D-膜模型中，大质量Z '-规范玻色子的可能信号。在这个结构中，有两个大质量的规范玻色子，它们可以自然地与重子数B和B-L（L是轻子数）联系起来。这里重子数在四维中总是反常的，而四维B-L反常的存在取决于右手中微子的U（1）-电荷。如果B-L是无异常的，两个相关的Z '规范玻色子之间的质量等级可以解释。在我们关于可能发现大质量Z '规范玻色子的唯象讨论中，我们将最近由Tevatron的CDF合作观察到的dijet加W信号作为基准场景。它揭示了在双喷流质量范围150 GeV/c^2，超出SM预期的4.1σ的超额。在低质量弦论的背景下，我们发现这种过剩可以与疏轻子Z '的产生和衰变联系在一起，疏轻子Z'是SU（3）胶子的单重态伙伴，主要与重子数耦合。即使CDF信号消失，正如最近的D 0结果所表明的那样，我们的分析仍然可以作为未来在低弦尺度模型中实验寻找大质量Z '规范玻色子的基础。我们提供了相关的截面的Z '规范玻色子在TeV区域的生产，导致预测，是在目前或下一个大型强子对撞机运行范围内。
英文摘要：
Massive Z'-gauge bosons act as excellent harbingers for string compactifications with a low string scale. In D-brane models they are associated to U(1) gauge symmetries that are either anomalous in four dimensions or exhibit a hidden higher dimensional anomaly. We discuss the possible signals of massive Z'-gauge bosons at hadron collider machines (Tevatron, LHC) in a minimal D-brane model consisting out of four stacks of D-branes. In this construction, there are two massive gauge bosons, which can be naturally associated with baryon number B and B-L (L being lepton number). Here baryon number is always anomalous in four dimensions, whereas the presence of a four-dimensional B-L anomaly depends on the U(1)-charges of the right handed neutrinos. In case B-L is anomaly free, a mass hierarchy between the two associated Z'-gauge bosons can be explained. In our phenomenological discussion about the possible discovery of massive Z'-gauge bosons, we take as a benchmark scenario the dijet plus W signal, recently observed by the CDF Collaboration at Tevatron. It reveals an excess in the dijet mass range 150 GeV/c^2, 4.1σbeyond SM expectations. We show that in the context of low-mass string theory this excess can be associated with the production and decay of a leptophobic Z', a singlet partner of SU(3) gluons coupled primarily to baryon number. Even if the CDF signal disappears, as indicated by the more recent D0 results, our analysis can still serve as the basis for future experimental search for massive Z'-gauge bosons in low string scale models. We provide the relevant cross sections for the production of Z'-gauge bosons in the TeV region, leading to predictions that are within reach of the present or the next LHC run.
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