旋磁因子和原子钟对基本常数变化的约束
Gyromagnetic Factors and Atomic Clock Constraints on the Variation of Fundamental Constants
摘要：
本文考虑了核子基本常数的耦合变化对核子磁矩的影响。在实验室（通过原子钟测量）和天体物理系统（例如通过21厘米跃迁的测量）中，核子g因子都可以解释精细结构常数α的变化。一个空的结果可以转化为一组基本常数变化的极限，通常简化为α。然而，在特定的模型中，特别是统一模型中，α的变化总是伴随着其他基本量的相应变化，例如QCD标度，Lambda_QCD。本文跟踪了Lambda_QCD和轻夸克质量变化引起的核子因子的变化。原则上，这些耦合变化可以从现有的原子钟和天体物理测量中提高α变化的范围。不幸的是，g因子对基本参数的依赖性的计算是众所周知的模型依赖性。
英文摘要：
We consider the effect of the coupled variations of fundamental constants on the nucleon magnetic moment. The nucleon g-factor enters into the interpretation of the measurements of variations in the fine-structure constant, alpha, in both the laboratory (through atomic clock measurements) and in astrophysical systems (e.g. through measurements of the 21 cm transitions). A null result can be translated into a limit on the variation of a set of fundamental constants, that is usually reduced to alpha. However, in specific models, particularly unification models, changes in alpha are always accompanied by corresponding changes in other fundamental quantities such as the QCD scale, Lambda_QCD. This work tracks the changes in the nucleon g-factors induced from changes in Lambda_QCD and the light quark masses. In principle, these coupled variations can improve the bounds on the variation of alpha by an order of magnitude from existing atomic clock and astrophysical measurements. Unfortunately, the calculation of the dependence of g-factors on fundamental parameters is notoriously model-dependent.
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