太阳对核衰变率的影响：来自MESSENGER任务的限制
Solar Influence on Nuclear Decay Rates: Constraints from the MESSENGER Mission
摘要：
我们已经分析了Cs-137衰变数据，从一个小样本船上的信使号航天器途中水星，目的是设置限制核衰变率和太阳活动之间的可能相关性。最近，根据2006年12月13日太阳耀斑期间Mn-54衰变的数据，以及Si-32、Cl-36和Ra-226衰变率的年度和其他周期性变化的迹象，提出了这种相关性。在大约5.4年的时间里，对Cs-137计数率进行了五次测量，得到的数据与一个公式相拟合，该公式解释了计数率随时间呈指数下降的规律，同时还增加了随信使-太阳分离而变化的理论太阳贡献。太阳影响的迹象，然后由一个非零值的计算参数的特征，我们发现，<$=（2.8+/-8.1 <$x10 ^{-3}为Cs-137。对2011年3月18日进入水星轨道后可能增加的数据进行的模拟表明，如果在与其他数据一致的水平上出现，预计在确定α的过程中会有改进，这可能会显示α的非零值。
英文摘要：
We have analyzed Cs-137 decay data, obtained from a small sample onboard the MESSENGER spacecraft en route to Mercury, with the aim of setting limits on a possible correlation between nuclear decay rates and solar activity. Such a correlation has been suggested recently on the basis of data from Mn-54 decay during the solar flare of 13 December 2006, and by indications of an annual and other periodic variations in the decay rates of Si-32, Cl-36, and Ra-226. Data from five measurements of the Cs-137 count rate over a period of approximately 5.4 years have been fit to a formula which accounts for the usual exponential decrease in count rate over time, along with the addition of a theoretical solar contribution varying with MESSENGER-Sun separation. The indication of solar influence is then characterized by a non-zero value of the calculated parameter ξ, and we find ξ=(2.8+/-8.1)x10^{-3} for Cs-137. A simulation of the increased data that can hypothetically be expected following Mercury orbit insertion on 18 March 2011 suggests that the anticipated improvement in the determination of ξcould reveal a non-zero value of ξif present at a level consistent with other data.
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