利用多径衰落随机性在秘密密钥生成中利用信道多样性
Exploiting Channel Diversity in Secret Key Generation from Multipath Fading Randomness
摘要：
我们设计并分析了一种方法，从无线信道固有的随机性中提取密钥。本文研究了多径无线信道的信道模型，并利用信道分集产生秘密密钥比特。我们比较了基于整个信道状态信息（CSI）和基于单个信道参数（如接收信号强度指示符（RSSI））的密钥提取方法。由于从CSI到RSSI的自由度降低，基于CSI的密钥提取率远高于基于RSSI的密钥提取率。这表明，利用信道分集并使CSI信息可用于较高层将极大地有益于秘密密钥生成。我们提出了一个基于低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）码的密钥生成系统，并描述了两个系统的设计和性能：一个基于二进制LDPC码和其他（在较高的信噪比有用）基于四进制LDPC码。
英文摘要：
We design and analyze a method to extract secret keys from the randomness inherent to wireless channels. We study a channel model for multipath wireless channel and exploit the channel diversity in generating secret key bits. We compare the key extraction methods based both on entire channel state information (CSI) and on single channel parameter such as the received signal strength indicators (RSSI). Due to the reduction in the degree-of-freedom when going from CSI to RSSI, the rate of key extraction based on CSI is far higher than that based on RSSI. This suggests that exploiting channel diversity and making CSI information available to higher layers would greatly benefit the secret key generation. We propose a key generation system based on low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and describe the design and performance of two systems: one based on binary LDPC codes and the other (useful at higher signal-to-noise ratios) based on four-ary LDPC codes.
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