L型钙电流的定量方面
Quantitative aspects of L-type calcium currents
摘要：
神经元和肌肉细胞中的钙电流已被分类为5种类型之一，其中四种，L，N，P/Q和R被称为高阈值，一种，T，被指定为低阈值。这篇综述着重于L型电流的定量方面。L型通道现在根据其结构被区分为四个主要亚型1.1-1.4之一。L-型钙电流在细胞动力学过程中起着重要作用，包括神经元和心脏细胞的起搏，参与突触可塑性和免疫细胞的转录因子的激活。L型电流的半激活电位被认为低至-50 mV，高至接近0 mV。I_L的失活是电压依赖性和钙依赖性的，后者可能与钙诱导的钙释放有关。CDI通常是细胞电生理学动力学模型的一个重要方面。我们描述了I_L模型的基本组成部分，包括激活和电压和钙依赖性失活，以及确定电流的两种主要方法。我们回顾，通过表的值从超过65个代表性的研究，各种细节的动力学特性与I_L已被发现实验或在过去25年中在确定性建模在各种神经系统和心脏细胞。得到了与活化和失活有关的几个参数的分布和统计量。关于生理钙离子浓度下细胞L型钙电流动力学的可靠实验数据很少。神经元被分为两组，实验半激活电位。
英文摘要：
Calcium currents in neurons and muscle cells have been classified as being one of 5 types of which four, L, N, P/Q and R were said to be high threshold and one, T, was designated low threshold. This review focuses on quantitative aspects of L-type currents. L-type channels are now distinguished according to their structure as one of four main subtypes 1.1-1.4. L-type calcium currents play many fundamental roles in cellular dynamical processes including pacemaking in neurons and cardiac cells, the activation of transcription factors involved in synaptic plasticity and in immune cells. The half-activation potentials of L-type currents have been ascribed values as low as -50 mV and as high as near 0 mV. The inactivation of I_L has been found to be both voltage (VDI) and calcium-dependent (CDI) and the latter component may involve calcium-induced calcium release. CDI is often an important aspect of dynamical models of cell electrophysiology. We describe the basic components in modeling I_L including activation and both voltage and calcium dependent inactivation and the two main approaches to determining the current. We review, by means of tables of values from over 65 representative studies, the various details of the dynamical properties associated with I_L that have been found experimentally or employed in the last 25 years in deterministic modeling in various nervous system and cardiac cells. Distributions and statistics of several parameters related to activation and inactivation are obtained. There are few reliable experimental data on L-type calcium current kinetics for cells at physiological calcium ion concentrations. Neurons are divided approximately into two groups with experimental half-activation potentials.
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