来自巨大磁星耀斑的引力波是可观测的吗？
Are gravitational waves from giant magnetar flares observable?
摘要：
磁星中的巨大耀斑是引力辐射的可行来源吗？很少有理论研究关注这个问题，少数使用高度理想化的模型或假设磁场的数量级超过观测支持。我们进行非线性广义相对论磁流体力学模拟的大尺度磁流体不稳定性的磁星模型。我们利用这些模型来寻找能量范围很广的引力波发射，从10^40到10^47尔格。这使我们能够推导出表面场强和引力波应变之间的系统关系，我们发现这是高度非线性的。特别是，对于几倍于10^15 G的典型磁星场，我们得出的结论是，直接观测到由全球磁场重新配置激发的f模是不可能的，与目前或不久的将来的引力波观测站，虽然我们也讨论了可能性，在低频段高达100 Hz的模式可以充分激发相关的观测。
英文摘要：
Are giant flares in magnetars viable sources of gravitational radiation? Few theoretical studies have been concerned with this problem, with the small number using either highly idealized models or assuming a magnetic field orders of magnitude beyond what is supported by observations. We perform nonlinear general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of large-scale hydromagnetic instabilities in magnetar models. We utilise these models to find gravitational wave emissions over a wide range of energies, from 10^40 to 10^47 erg. This allows us to derive a systematic relationship between the surface field strength and the gravitational wave strain, which we find to be highly nonlinear. In particular, for typical magnetar fields of a few times 10^15 G, we conclude that a direct observation of f-modes excited by global magnetic field reconfigurations is unlikely with present or near-future gravitational wave observatories, though we also discuss the possibility that modes in a low-frequency band up to 100 Hz could be sufficiently excited to be relevant for observation.
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