散斑和（多目标）多帧盲解卷积技术在成像和成像光谱偏振数据中的应用
Application of speckle and (multi-object) multi-frame blind deconvolution techniques on imaging and imaging spectropolarimetric data
摘要：
我们测试重建技术对2D数据的影响，以确定最佳方法。我们用Goettingen Fabry-Perot干涉仪（FPI）获得了Fe I线在630.25 nm处的分光偏振数据的时间序列，并伴有431.3 nm和Ca II H的成像数据。我们采用散斑和（MO）MFBD技术。我们比较了空间分辨率和调查的影响重建的光谱特性。散斑重建和MFBD对于我们的成像数据执行类似的，具有几乎相同的强度对比度。MFBD在最短波长处提供更好和更均匀的分辨率。的MOMFBD和散斑反卷积的强度谱导致类似的结果，但我们选择的设置MOMFBD产生的强度对比度小约2%，在一个相当的空间分辨率。重建技术都不会在强度谱中引入伪影。散斑去卷积（MOMFBD）具有0.32%（0.20%）的V/I均方根噪声。因此，去卷积光谱需要约1.0%的高显著性阈值。与信噪比明显较高的光谱和MHD模拟光谱的比较表明，Goettingen FPI在安静的太阳中只能检测到约30%的偏振信号。散斑反卷积数据的NCP值的分布与具有比MOMFBD更高的S/N的观测值的分布相匹配，但显示出看似人为的尖锐边界和意想不到的符号变化。对于分光偏振数据，散斑去卷积的较高强度对比度通过在可比较的空间分辨率下MOMFBD中的噪声水平的较小放大来平衡。噪声水平妨碍了微弱和扩散磁场的检测。
英文摘要：
We test the effects of reconstruction techniques on 2D data to determine the best approach. We obtained a time-series of spectropolarimetric data in the Fe I line at 630.25 nm with the Goettingen Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) that are accompanied by imaging data at 431.3 nm and Ca II H. We apply both speckle and (MO)MFBD techniques. We compare the spatial resolution and investigate the impact of the reconstruction on spectral characteristics. The speckle reconstruction and MFBD perform similar for our imaging data with nearly identical intensity contrasts. MFBD provides a better and more homogeneous resolution at the shortest wavelength. The MOMFBD and speckle deconvolution of the intensity spectra lead to similar results, but our choice of settings for the MOMFBD yields an intensity contrast smaller by about 2% at a comparable spatial resolution. None of the reconstruction techniques introduces artifacts in the intensity spectra. The speckle deconvolution (MOMFBD) has a rms noise in V/I of 0.32% (0.20%). The deconvolved spectra thus require a high significance threshold of about 1.0%. A comparison to spectra with a significantly higher S/N ratio and to spectra from a MHD simulation reveals that the Goettingen FPI can only detect about 30% of the polarization signal in quiet Sun. The distribution of NCP values for the speckle-deconvolved data matches that of observations with higher S/N better than MOMFBD, but shows seemingly artificially sharp boundaries and unexpected changes of the sign. For the spectropolarimetric data, the higher intensity contrast of the speckle deconvolution is balanced by the smaller amplification of the noise level in the MOMFBD at a comparable spatial resolution. The noise level prevents the detection of weak and diffuse magnetic fields.
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