arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1107.0604physics.bio-phcond-mat.stat-mechq-bio.PE
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自然鸟群的统计力学

Statistical mechanics for natural flocks of birds

William Bialek, Andrea Cavagna, Irene Giardina, Thierry Mora, Edmondo Silvestri, Massimiliano Viale, Aleksandra M Walczak

摘要:

鸟群中相邻的鸟之间的相互作用导致它们的飞行方向一致。我们表明,最小结构(最大熵)模型与这些本地相关性正确预测整个椋鸟群的传播秩序,没有自由参数。这些模型在数学上等价于海森堡的磁性模型,并为群中的每个飞行方向的配置定义了“能量”。比较不同密度的群,有助于能量的相互作用的范围涉及固定数量的(拓扑)邻居,而不是固定的(度量)空间范围。比较不同规模的群体,该模型正确地解释了所观察到的尺度不变性的长程相关性之间的波动在飞行方向。

英文摘要:

Interactions among neighboring birds in a flock cause an alignment of their flight directions. We show that the minimally structured (maximum entropy) model consistent with these local correlations correctly predicts the propagation of order throughout entire flocks of starlings, with no free parameters. These models are mathematically equivalent to the Heisenberg model of magnetism, and define an "energy" for each configuration of flight directions in the flock. Comparing flocks of different densities, the range of interactions that contribute to the energy involves a fixed number of (topological) neighbors, rather than a fixed (metric) spatial range. Comparing flocks of different sizes, the model correctly accounts for the observed scale invariance of long ranged correlations among the fluctuations in flight direction.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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