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arXiv 1107.0182astro-ph.HE
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蟹状星云耀斑的VLBI成像:不仅仅是一个点

VLBI imaging of a flare in the Crab Nebula: More than just a spot

A. P. Lobanov, D. Horns, T. W. B. Muxlow

摘要:

我们报告甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)观测的无线电发射从蟹状星云的内部区域,在1.6 GHz和5 GHz后,最近在这个对象的高能量耀斑。5 GHz的数据只提供了0.4毫Jansky(mJy)的脉冲星的通量密度和0.4 mJy/光束的亮度假定耀斑区域的上限。1.6 GHz的数据使星云内部区域的成像尺度高达~40”。VLBI观测首次探测到了来自内部“小束”的发射。在射电图像中探测到一个可能的射电对应物(指定为“C1”),它与钱德拉和哈勃望远镜观测到的假定耀斑区相对应,估计通量密度为$0.5\pm 0.3$ \,mJy,大小为0.2-0.6”。另一个紧凑的特征(“C2”)也在VLBI图像中检测到更接近脉冲星,估计通量密度为0.4 +- 0.2 mJy,尺寸小于0{ \farcs }2。结合耀斑的宽带SED,C1的射电特性给出了磁场的下限约为0.5 mG,耀斑的总最小能量为1.2*10^41尔格(相当于使用了脉冲星自旋下降功率的0.2%)。1.6 GHz的观测提供了位于脉冲星0.6”处的光学结1的亮度(0.2 mJy/束)和总通量密度(0.4 mJy)的上限。确定了蟹状星云脉冲星的绝对位置,并得到了脉冲星自行的估计。

英文摘要:

We report on very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the radio emission from the inner region of the Crab Nebula, made at 1.6 GHz and 5 GHz after a recent high-energy flare in this object. The 5 GHz data have provided only upper limits of 0.4 milli-Jansky (mJy) on the flux density of the pulsar and 0.4 mJy/beam on the brightness of the putative flaring region. The 1.6 GHz data have enabled imaging the inner regions of the nebula on scales of up to ~40". The emission from the inner "wisps" is detected for the first time with VLBI observations. A likely radio counterpart (designated "C1") of the putative flaring region observed with Chandra and HST is detected in the radio image, with an estimated flux density of $0.5\pm 0.3$\,mJy and a size of 0.2-0.6". Another compact feature ("C2") is also detected in the VLBI image closer to the pulsar, with an estimated flux density of 0.4 +- 0.2 mJy and a size smaller than 0{\farcs}2. Combined with the broad-band SED of the flare, the radio properties of C1 yield a lower limit of ~0.5 mG for the magnetic field and a total minimum energy of 1.2*10^41 ergs vested in the flare (corresponding to using about 0.2% of the pulsar spin-down power). The 1.6 GHz observations provide upper limits for the brightness (0.2 mJy/beam) and total flux density (0.4 mJy) of the optical Knot 1 located at 0.6" from the pulsar. The absolute position of the Crab pulsar is determined, and an estimate of the pulsar proper motion is obtained.

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