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arXiv 1106.4149math.STstat.TH
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尾部趋势检测:相对风险建模

On tail trend detection: modeling relative risk

Laurens de Haan, Albert Klein Tank, Cláudia Neves

摘要:

气候变化的争议是关于环境特征(如降雨)随时间的变化。有人说,可能的变化不是平均值,而是极端现象(即平均降雨量可能变化不大,但暴雨可能变得或多或少)。本文研究了随着时间的推移,超过某个高阈值的概率的变化。该模型是这样的阈值不需要指定,结果适用于任何高阈值。为了简单起见,研究了依赖于一个实参数的某种线性趋势。评估和测试程序(是否存在趋势?)是发达的。仿真结果。该方法适用于在德国和荷兰的18个测量站的暴雨趋势。一个初步的结论是,趋势似乎取决于一个站是否靠近大海。

英文摘要:

The climate change dispute is about changes over time of environmental characteristics (such as rainfall). Some people say that a possible change is not so much in the mean but rather in the extreme phenomena (that is, the average rainfall may not change much but heavy storms may become more or less frequent). The paper studies changes over time in the probability that some high threshold is exceeded. The model is such that the threshold does not need to be specified, the results hold for any high threshold. For simplicity a certain linear trend is studied depending on one real parameter. Estimation and testing procedures (is there a trend?) are developed. Simulation results are presented. The method is applied to trends in heavy rainfall at 18 gauging stations across Germany and The Netherlands. A tentative conclusion is that the trend seems to depend on whether or not a station is close to the sea.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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