heat capacities的实验测定及其与量子预测的相关性
Experimental determination of heat capacities and their correlation with quantum predictions
摘要：
这篇文章演示了一个基于量热法测定各种固体比热容的本科实验，其中固体蒸发了可测量质量的液氮。我们展示了我们的技术的金属铜和铝，半金属石墨，并提出了与爱因斯坦的独立谐振子模型和更准确的德拜模型的基础上的连续晶体的振动模式的数据。此外，我们阐明了一个有趣的材料性质，在磁铁矿Verwey转变发生在120-140 K。我们还表明，使用基于计算机的数据采集和随后的统计平均有助于减少测量的不确定性。
英文摘要：
This article demonstrates an undergraduate experiment for the determination of specific heat capacities of various solids based on a calorimetric approach, where the solid vaporizes a measurable mass of liquid nitrogen. We demonstrate our technique for the metals copper and aluminum, the semi-metal graphite and also present the data in relation with Einstein's model of independent harmonic oscillators and the more accurate Debye model based on vibrational modes of a continuous crystal. Furthermore, we elucidate an interesting material property, the Verwey transition in magnetite occurring around 120-140 K. We also demonstrate that the use of computer based data acquisition and subsequent statistical averaging helps reduce measurement uncertainties.
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