无反转对称超导体中的磁电效应、螺旋相和FFLO相
Magnetoelectric effects, helical phases, and FFLO phases in superconductors without inversion symmetry
摘要：
这一章强调当超导体的反转对称性被破坏时所产生的新的磁性。有两个方面将详细介绍。第一个主题包括与超导磁电效应有关的物理学，这些效应是由破缺的反转对称性引起的。破缺的反转对称性允许自由能中的Lifshitz不变量，其可以被视为磁感应和超电流之间的耦合。这些不变量与磁系统中更著名的Dzyaloshinskiii-Moyira相互作用有相似之处。这些Lifshitz不变量引起异常的磁性，以及在磁场的存在下，新的阶段。在这里，我们将描述这些Lifshitz不变量的后果，提供估计的相对大小的新的影响，并讨论晶体对称性在理解这个物理中发挥的重要作用。最后，我们提供了一个讨论的命运富尔德-费雷尔-拉金-奥夫钦尼科夫（FFLO）阶段在破碎的反转超导体。特别是，我们如何打破反转对称性可以有深远的影响，FFLO阶段的稳定性，存在性和属性。
英文摘要：
This chapter emphasizes new magnetic properties that arise when inversion symmetry is broken in a superconductor. There are two aspects that will be covered in detail. The first topic encompasses physics related to superconducting magnetoelectric effects that arise from broken inversion symmetry. Broken inversion symmetry allow for Lifshitz invariants in the free energy which can be viewed as a coupling between the magnetic induction and the supercurrent. There are similarities between these invariants and the better known Dzyaloshinskii-Moyira interaction in magnetic systems. These Lifshitz invariants give rise to anomalous magnetic properties as well as new phases in the presence of magnetic fields. Here, we will describe the consequences of these Lifshitz invariants, provide estimates for the relative magnitudes of the novel effects, and discuss the important role that crystal symmetry plays in understanding this physics. Finally, we provide a discussion of the fate of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phases in broken inversion superconductors. In particular, we show how broken inversion symmetry can have a profound effect on the stability, existence, and properties of FFLO phases.
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