广义相对论中光和螺旋子的引力场
Gravitational fields of lightons and helixons in General Relativity
摘要：
本文介绍了一种适用于代数型D外引力场的Schwarzschild、Kerr和NUT大质量粒子的类光极限方法。结果表明，当快速运动的大质量粒子沿z轴的速度趋向光速轴，且每个粒子的总能量不变时，（即粒子的静止质量趋于零）与沿z轴的Kerr角动量和也趋向于常数的NUT参数一起，则这些快速运动粒子的引力场趋向于N和III代数类型作为它们的极限。大质量粒子的类光极限可描述为外尔矩阵水平上的尖点突变，它随源的引力场对称性的变化而变化。在所考虑的情况下，这种极限是引力场从D型到N型或III型的相变（从一个“相”到另一个“相”的转变）。彼得罗夫的代数类型是引力场的不同“相”。作为类光极限过程的结果，得到了类光标量无质量粒子（{ \it lighton}）和具有螺旋度的矢量类光无质量粒子（{ \it helixon}）.证明了广义相对论中的类光源是“无毛的”
英文摘要：
A lightlike limit procedure for massive particles of Schwarzschild, Kerr and NUT which are sources of the exterior gravitational fields of an algebraic type D is introduced. It is shown when a velocity of fast moving massive particles along z axis tends towards the light velocity axis and the total energy of each particle is constant (i.e. a rest mass of the particle tends towards zero) together with Kerr's angular momentum along z axis and with NUT's parameter which also tend to constants then the gravitational fields of these fast moving particles tend towards the wave's fields of the N and III algebraic types as their limits. The lightlike limit of massive particle may be described as cusp catastrophe on the level of Weyl's matrix with a change of gravitational field's symmetry of such source. In considered cases such limit is a phase transition of the gravitational field from D type into N type or III type (transition from one "phase" to another). Petrov's algebraic types are different "phases" of gravitational field. As result of the lightlike limit procedure the lightlike scalar massless particle ({\it lighton}) and a vector lightlike massless particle with a helicity ({\it helixon}) are obtained. It is shown the lightlike sources in General Relativity "have no hairs"
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