量子冰：量子蒙特卡罗研究
Quantum Ice : a quantum Monte Carlo study
摘要：
冰态，其中受挫的相互作用导致宏观基态简并，发生在水冰中，在烧绿石晶格上受挫的电荷秩序问题中，以及在统称为自旋冰的稀土磁体家族中。目前特别令人感兴趣的是“量子自旋冰”材料，其中大的量子波动可能允许在宏观数量的不同经典基态之间隧穿。在这里，我们使用零温度量子蒙特卡罗模拟，以显示如何这样的隧道可以解除自旋或电荷冰的简并性，稳定一个独特的“量子冰”基态--一个量子液体与3+1维量子电动力学的麦克斯韦作用所描述的激发。我们进一步确定了一个竞争有序的“波浪形”状态，并显示如何波浪形和量子冰状态可能会区分在中子散射实验中的自旋冰材料。
英文摘要：
Ice states, in which frustrated interactions lead to a macroscopic ground-state degeneracy, occur in water ice, in problems of frustrated charge order on the pyrochlore lattice, and in the family of rare-earth magnets collectively known as spin ice. Of particular interest at the moment are "quantum spin ice" materials, where large quantum fluctuations may permit tunnelling between a macroscopic number of different classical ground states. Here we use zero-temperature quantum Monte Carlo simulations to show how such tunnelling can lift the degeneracy of a spin or charge ice, stabilising a unique "quantum ice" ground state --- a quantum liquid with excitations described by the Maxwell action of 3+1-dimensional quantum electrodynamics. We further identify a competing ordered "squiggle" state, and show how both squiggle and quantum ice states might be distinguished in neutron scattering experiments on a spin ice material.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
