牛贸易流动的动态模式
Dynamical Patterns of Cattle Trade Movements
摘要：
尽管它们对人畜共患疾病的传播具有重要意义，但我们对养殖动物种群运动特征的动态方面的理解仍然有限，因为这些系统传统上是作为静态对象和通过简化近似进行研究的。通过利用网络科学方法，我们首次能够全面分析意大利牛运动的纵向数据集，该数据集每天报告农场之间个体动物的流动性。该系统的拓扑结构、功能和动态性质之间的复杂性和相互关系在不同的空间和时间分辨率下得到表征，以揭示模式和脆弱性，这对于确定人畜共患病的有针对性的预防和控制措施至关重要。结果表明，如何平稳的统计分布共存的一个强大的和非平凡的进化动力学在节点和链接的水平，在所有的时间尺度。传统的位移网络的静态视图隐藏了影响节点中心性和农场扩散潜力的结构变化的重要模式，从而限制了基于部分纵向信息的干预措施的效率。通过充分考虑到纵向尺寸，我们提出了一个新的定义的动态图案，能够揭示存在的时间箭头描述的系统的演变和因果关系的模式，其位移，揭示机制，可能发挥至关重要的作用，在预防行动的定义。
英文摘要：
Despite their importance for the spread of zoonotic diseases, our understanding of the dynamical aspects characterizing the movements of farmed animal populations remains limited as these systems are traditionally studied as static objects and through simplified approximations. By leveraging on the network science approach, here we are able for the first time to fully analyze the longitudinal dataset of Italian cattle movements that reports the mobility of individual animals among farms on a daily basis. The complexity and inter-relations between topology, function and dynamical nature of the system are characterized at different spatial and time resolutions, in order to uncover patterns and vulnerabilities fundamental for the definition of targeted prevention and control measures for zoonotic diseases. Results show how the stationarity of statistical distributions coexists with a strong and non-trivial evolutionary dynamics at the node and link levels, on all timescales. Traditional static views of the displacement network hide important patterns of structural changes affecting nodes' centrality and farms' spreading potential, thus limiting the efficiency of interventions based on partial longitudinal information. By fully taking into account the longitudinal dimension, we propose a novel definition of dynamical motifs that is able to uncover the presence of a temporal arrow describing the evolution of the system and the causality patterns of its displacements, shedding light on mechanisms that may play a crucial role in the definition of preventive actions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
