用KamLAND探测器寻找地外反中微子源
Search for extraterrestrial antineutrino sources with the KamLAND detector
摘要：
本文介绍了利用KamLAND探测器在$8.3 MeV < E_{\barν_{e}} < 31.8 MeV$能量范围内寻找地外电子反中微子（$\barν_{e}$）的结果。在4.53千吨-年的暴露量中，我们确定了25个候选事件。所有的候选事件都可以归因于背景，最重要的是中性流大气中微子相互作用，将$^{8}$ B太阳$ν_{e}$转化为$\barν_{e}$的概率上限设定为$5.3 \times 10^{-5}$（90% C.L.），如果我们假设一个未失真的$\barν_{e}$形状。该极限对应于$93 cm^{-2} s^{-1}$的太阳$\barν_{e}$通量或高于能量阈值$(E_{\barν_{e}} > 8.3 MeV)$的$1.6 events (kton-year)^{-1}$的事件率。目前的数据也使我们能够设置更严格的限制弥漫超新星中微子流量和轻暗物质粒子的湮灭率。
英文摘要：
We present the results of a search for extraterrestrial electron antineutrinos ($\barν_{e}$'s) in the energy range $8.3 MeV < E_{\barν_{e}} < 31.8 MeV$ using the KamLAND detector. In an exposure of 4.53 kton-year, we identify 25 candidate events. All of the candidate events can be attributed to background, most importantly neutral current atmospheric neutrino interactions, setting an upper limit on the probability of $^{8}$B solar $ν_{e}$'s converting into $\barν_{e}$'s at $5.3 \times 10^{-5}$ (90% C.L.), if we assume an undistorted $\barν_{e}$ shape. This limit corresponds to a solar $\barν_{e}$ flux of $93 cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ or an event rate of $1.6 events (kton-year)^{-1}$ above the energy threshold $(E_{\barν_{e}} > 8.3 MeV)$. The present data also allows us to set more stringent limits on the diffuse supernova neutrino flux and on the annihilation rates for light dark matter particles.
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