arXiv 1105.34022011-05physics.pop-ph

宇宙学常数之谜

Mystery of the Cosmological Constant

Patrick Das Gupta

备注：: An article for under-graduate students based on the lecture delivered in the Three Days Joint Academies Lecture Workshop on Frontiers of Physics held in Delhi, India

摘要：

2011年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了美国科学家S。Perlmutter，A. Riess和B.施密特的开创性发现，即宇宙的膨胀率随着时间的推移而增加。三人使用Ia型超新星（SNe Ia）作为标准烛光来估计它们的光度距离。为了理解他们工作的一些深远意义，我提供了广义相对论、宇宙加速膨胀、光度距离、Ia超新星和宇宙学常数问题的初步阐述。

英文摘要：

The 2011 Nobel prize in physics has been awarded to S. Perlmutter, A. Riess and B. Schmidt for their path breaking discovery that the rate of expansion of the universe is increasing with time. The trio used Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as standard candles to estimate their luminosity-distances. To appreciate some of the far reaching implications of their work, I have provided an elementary exposition of general theory of relativity, accelerated expansion of the universe, luminosity-distance, SNe Ia and the cosmological constant problem.

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