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arXiv 1105.3186astro-ph.CO
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用HST研究z>~1质量团簇的标度关系和过剩

Scaling Relations and Overabundance of Massive Clusters at z>~1 from Weak-Lensing Studies with HST

M. J. Jee, K. S. Dawson, H. Hoekstra, S. Perlmutter, P. Rosati, M. Brodwin, N. Suzuki, B. Koester, M. Postman, L. Lubin, J. Meyers, S. A. Stanford, K. Barbary, … 展开作者

M. J. Jee, K. S. Dawson, H. Hoekstra, S. Perlmutter, P. Rosati, M. Brodwin, N. Suzuki, B. Koester, M. Postman, L. Lubin, J. Meyers, S. A. Stanford, K. Barbary, F. Barrientos, P. Eisenhardt, H. C. Ford, D. G. Gilbank, M. D. Gladders, A. Gonzalez, D. W. Harris, X. Huang, C. Lidman, E. S. Rykoff, D. Rubin, A. L. Spadafora

摘要:

本文利用哈勃空间望远镜的图像对22个高红移(z > 1)星系团进行了弱引力透镜分析。在我们的样本中的大多数集群提供了显着的透镜信号,并很好地检测到在其重建的二维质量图。结合目前的结果和我们以前的弱透镜研究的其他五个高z星系团,我们比较这些集群的引力透镜质量与其他观测。我们重新审视的问题,是否存在的最大规模的集群在我们的样本是在紧张局势与目前的LambdaCDM结构形成的范例。我们发现透镜质量与气体温度密切相关,并首次建立了z > 1时的透镜质量-温度关系。对于M-TX关系的幂律斜率(M propto T^α),我们得到α=1.54 +/- 0.23。这与理论上的自相似预言α=3/2以及以前文献中报道的低红移样品的结果是一致的。然而,我们的标准化比以前的结果低20- 30%,表明M-TX关系的标准化可能会发展。在修正爱丁顿偏差并更新发现区域后,我们发现样本中最大质量的集群的存在仍然与当前的Lambda CDM模型存在紧张关系。在当前宇宙学参数的边缘化之后,在这个样本中找到四个质量最大的星系团的综合概率不到1%。

英文摘要:

We present weak gravitational lensing analysis of 22 high-redshift (z >~1) clusters based on Hubble Space Telescope images. Most clusters in our sample provide significant lensing signals and are well detected in their reconstructed two-dimensional mass maps. Combining the current results and our previous weak-lensing studies of five other high-z clusters, we compare gravitational lensing masses of these clusters with other observables. We revisit the question whether the presence of the most massive clusters in our sample is in tension with the current LambdaCDM structure formation paradigm. We find that the lensing masses are tightly correlated with the gas temperatures and establish, for the first time, the lensing mass-temperature relation at z >~ 1. For the power law slope of the M-TX relation (M propto T^α), we obtain α=1.54 +/- 0.23. This is consistent with the theoretical self-similar prediction α=3/2 and with the results previously reported in the literature for much lower redshift samples. However, our normalization is lower than the previous results by 20-30%, indicating that the normalization in the M-TX relation might evolve. After correcting for Eddington bias and updating the discovery area with a more conservative choice, we find that the existence of the most massive clusters in our sample still provides a tension with the current Lambda CDM model. The combined probability of finding the four most massive clusters in this sample after marginalization over current cosmological parameters is less than 1%.

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