白矮星引力常量长期变化的上限
An upper limit to the secular variation of the gravitational constant from white dwarf stars
摘要：
宇宙年龄上的引力常量的变化改变了主序星的寿命和白矮星的冷却年龄。使用一个国家的最先进的恒星演化代码，我们计算的影响，一个长期变化的G的主要序列年龄，并采用白矮星冷却年龄计算考虑到运行G的影响，我们把约束牛顿常数的变化率。这是使用白矮星光度函数和研究得很好的疏散星系团NGC 6791的距离来完成的。我们得到了一个上限G ′/G ~ -1.8 × 10 ~（-12）~（-1）/yr。这个上限的长期变化的引力常量比较有利，与其他恒星的演化性质获得的，可以很容易地改善，如果深的图像的集群允许获得一个改进的白矮星光度函数。
英文摘要：
A variation of the gravitational constant over cosmological ages modifies the main sequence lifetimes and white dwarf cooling ages. Using an state-of-the-art stellar evolutionary code we compute the effects of a secularly varying G on the main sequence ages and, employing white dwarf cooling ages computed taking into account the effects of a running G, we place constraints on the rate of variation of Newton's constant. This is done using the white dwarf luminosity function and the distance of the well studied open Galactic cluster NGC 6791. We derive an upper bound G'/G ~ -1.8 10^{-12} 1/yr. This upper limit for the secular variation of the gravitational constant compares favorably with those obtained using other stellar evolutionary properties, and can be easily improved if deep images of the cluster allow to obtain an improved white dwarf luminosity function.
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