磁性生物的微观结构
Microscopic Structure of Magnetic Bions
摘要：
磁双子--单极子和扭曲（“卡鲁扎-克莱因”）单极子的稳定束缚态，携带两个单位的磁荷--已经被证明是四维规范理论中禁闭和质量间隙的主要原因，其中无质量伴随费米子在R**{1，2} x S**1上紧致化，至少在小S**1上。本文利用传统的QCD瞬子方法，详细研究了SU（2）规范群的bion机制和标度。将真空泛函表示为生物-反生物等离子体的配分函数，得到了在固定的强耦合尺度λ下，质量间隙对S**1尺寸L的次领先依赖关系.我们发现，在小的λ × L，质量间隙是一个增加的函数L的理论与四个无质量的伴随外尔费米子，一种情况下留下的未确定的前面的领导阶分析，并评论的方法R**4。
英文摘要：
Magnetic bions---stable bound states of monopoles and twisted ("Kaluza-Klein") monopoles, carrying two units of magnetic charge---have been shown to be the leading cause of confinement and mass gap in four-dimensional gauge theories with massless adjoint fermions compactified on R**{1,2} x S**1, at least at small S**1. In this paper, we study in detail the bion mechanism and the scales involved for an SU(2) gauge group, using traditional QCD instanton methods. We represent the vacuum functional as the partition function of a bion-anti-bion plasma and obtain the next-to-leading dependence of the mass gap on the S**1 size L at fixed strong-coupling scale Lambda. We find that, at small Lambda x L, the mass gap is an increasing function of L for theories with four massless adjoint Weyl fermions, a case left undetermined by the previous leading-order analysis, and comment on the approach to R**4.
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