用于太阳研究的月球表面射电观测台（ROLSS）
A Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies (ROLSS)
摘要：
按体积计算，太阳系99%以上的区域还没有在射频下成像。几乎所有这些空间（太阳风）都可以被快速电子穿越，这些电子产生的无线电发射频率低于地球电离层的截止频率，这阻止了地面的观测。迄今为止，具有射电天文学能力的空间飞行任务由一个或几个卫星组成，通常彼此相距很远，它们测量来自射电源的总功率，但无法产生具有有用的角分辨率的图像。为了产生这样的图像，我们需要分布在许多波长（数百米至公里）的天线阵列，以允许孔径合成成像。这种阵列可以是自由飞行的微型卫星阵列或布置在月球表面的天线。在本白皮书中，我们介绍了月球选项。如果这样的阵列在2020年到位，它将为太阳探测器+近日点通过期间的观测提供背景。对月球电离层的密度和时间变化的研究也是重要的目标。本白皮书适用于太阳和日光层物理学研究小组。
英文摘要：
By volume, more than 99% of the solar system has not been imaged at radio frequencies. Almost all of this space (the solar wind) can be traversed by fast electrons producing radio emissions at frequencies lower than the terrestrial ionospheric cutoff, which prevents observation from the ground. To date, radio astronomy-capable space missions consist of one or a few satellites, typically far from each other, which measure total power from the radio sources, but cannot produce images with useful angular resolution. To produce such images, we require arrays of antennas distributed over many wavelengths (hundreds of meters to kilometers) to permit aperture synthesis imaging. Such arrays could be free-flying arrays of microsatellites or antennas laid out on the lunar surface. In this white paper, we present the lunar option. If such an array were in place by 2020, it would provide context for observations during Solar Probe Plus perihelion passes. Studies of the lunar ionosphere's density and time variability are also important goals. This white paper applies to the Solar and Heliospheric Physics study panel.
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