POLARIX：X射线偏振测量的探索者任务
POLARIX: a pathfinder mission of X-ray polarimetry
摘要：
自从X射线天文学诞生以来，光谱、空间和定时观测得到了极大的改进，获得了关于大多数天体源的丰富信息。相反，旋光法基本上还没有被探测到。X射线偏振测量法有望提供额外的信息，获得两个新的可观测量，偏振度和偏振角。POLARIX是一个专门用于X射线偏振测量的飞行任务。它利用气体像素探测器的偏振响应，结合位置灵敏度，在望远镜的焦点上，导致灵敏度的巨大增加。三个气体像素探测器与三个X射线光学器件耦合，这是JET-X任务的遗产。POLARIX将测量时间分辨的X射线偏振，在15弧分$\times$ 15弧分的视场中，角分辨率约为20弧秒，在6 keV下，能量分辨率为20%。对于通量为1 mCrab且观察时间为10^5 s的源，最小可检测极化为12%。该卫星将由Vega发射器送入505公里高度的赤道轨道，遥测下行链路站将设在马林迪。POLARIX卫星的指向将是无陀螺的，它将在一个源的地球掩星期间执行双重指向，从而最大限度地提高科学回报。75%的POLARIX数据向社区开放，而25%以上的SVP（科学验证阶段，1个月的运行）致力于核心计划活动，向相关科学家开放。该任务的计划持续时间为一年加三个月的调试和SVP，适合在该仪器范围内进行大部分基础科学。
英文摘要：
Since the birth of X-ray astronomy, spectral, spatial and timing observation improved dramatically, procuring a wealth of information on the majority of the classes of the celestial sources. Polarimetry, instead, remained basically unprobed. X-ray polarimetry promises to provide additional information procuring two new observable quantities, the degree and the angle of polarization. POLARIX is a mission dedicated to X-ray polarimetry. It exploits the polarimetric response of a Gas Pixel Detector, combined with position sensitivity, that, at the focus of a telescope, results in a huge increase of sensitivity. Three Gas Pixel Detectors are coupled with three X-ray optics which are the heritage of JET-X mission. POLARIX will measure time resolved X-ray polarization with an angular resolution of about 20 arcsec in a field of view of 15 arcmin $\times$ 15 arcmin and with an energy resolution of 20 % at 6 keV. The Minimum Detectable Polarization is 12 % for a source having a flux of 1 mCrab and 10^5 s of observing time. The satellite will be placed in an equatorial orbit of 505 km of altitude by a Vega launcher.The telemetry down-link station will be Malindi. The pointing of POLARIX satellite will be gyroless and it will perform a double pointing during the earth occultation of one source, so maximizing the scientific return. POLARIX data are for 75 % open to the community while 25 % + SVP (Science Verification Phase, 1 month of operation) is dedicated to a core program activity open to the contribution of associated scientists. The planned duration of the mission is one year plus three months of commissioning and SVP, suitable to perform most of the basic science within the reach of this instrument.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
