用于MAMI Kaos谱仪的大规模FPGA触发和无死区DAQ系统
A Large-Scale FPGA-Based Trigger and Dead-Time Free DAQ System for the Kaos Spectrometer at MAMI
摘要：
Kaos光谱仪由美因茨微波加速器MAMI的A1合作组维护，重点研究（e，e 'K ^+）符合反应。对于其电子臂，光纤阵列的两个垂直平面（每个垂直平面包括大约10000根光纤）在接近零度散射角并且靠近电子束的情况下操作。该仪器安装了一个几乎无死区的数据采集系统，由96通道前端板采集144个多阳极光电倍增管的信号，经双阈值甄别器数字化，由最先进的F1时间-数字转换芯片提取信号时间。为了最大限度地降低背景速率，在新开发的Vuprom模块中实施了复杂的触发逻辑。该触发器执行噪声抑制、信号簇发现、粒子跟踪和符合定时，并且可以扩展用于运动学匹配（e 'K ^+）符合。整个系统的设计可以处理4000多个读出通道，并能满足谱仪中的高电子通量和探测器的高计数率要求。2009年在MAMI成功进行了束流测试。
英文摘要：
The Kaos spectrometer is maintained by the A1 collaboration at the Mainz Microtron MAMI with a focus on the study of (e,e'K^+) coincidence reactions. For its electron-arm two vertical planes of fiber arrays, each comprising approximately 10 000 fibers, are operated close to zero degree scattering angle and in close proximity to the electron beam. A nearly dead-time free DAQ system to acquire timing and tracking information has been installed for this spectrometer arm. The signals of 144 multi-anode photomultipliers are collected by 96-channel front-end boards, digitized by double-threshold discriminators and the signal time is picked up by state-of-the-art F1 time-to-digital converter chips. In order to minimize background rates a sophisticated trigger logic was implemented in newly developed Vuprom modules. The trigger performs noise suppression, signal cluster finding, particle tracking, and coincidence timing, and can be expanded for kinematical matching (e'K^+) coincidences. The full system was designed to process more than 4 000 read-out channels and to cope with the high electron flux in the spectrometer and the high count rate requirement of the detectors. It was successfully in-beam tested at MAMI in 2009.
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