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arXiv 1104.5586astro-ph.CO
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CLARA关于高红移星系中Lyman-Alpha光子逃逸分数的观点

CLARA's view on the escape fraction of Lyman-Alpha photons in high redshift galaxies

J. E. Forero-Romero, G. Yepes, S. Gottloeber, S. R. Knollmann, A. J. Cuesta, F. Prada

摘要:

基于MareNostrum High-z Universe(一个包含20亿粒子的SPH宇宙学模拟),我们使用Lyman Alpha辐射分析代码(Code for Lyman Alpha Radiation Analysis),将星系中Lyman Alpha辐射的逃逸分数限制在红移范围5<z<7。我们近似莱曼α发射体(LAEs)的尘埃气体板与莱曼α辐射源均匀混合在气体中。用我们新开发的辐射转移程序计算了这种结构和不同气体和尘埃含量的逃逸分数。结果被应用到MareNostrum高z宇宙数值星系。该模型显示出弱红移的演变和良好的协议与逃逸分数的估计作为一个函数的红化从z \sim 2.2和z \sim 3的观测。为了再现红移z>~5处的紫外连续体光度函数和紫外颜色,我们扩展了板层模型,在一个星团分量中加入了额外的尘埃。基于扩展的clustrial模型的LAE亮度函数(LF)广泛地再现了从z \sim 5和z \sim 6的观测中得出的LF的亮端。在z \sim 7处,我们的模型高估了LF大约四倍,大概是因为没有考虑中性星系际介质的影响。在红移z \sim 5和z \sim 6的紫外连续谱和莱曼α谱中,观测到的LF暗端和模拟的LF暗端之间的剩余张力指向了在质量为1.0x10^10h-1 Msol < Mh < 4.0x10^10h-1 Msol的晕中存在的模拟LAE的过剩。由于难以解释观测到的尘埃吸收过剩,不匹配的可能来源是在引用的质量范围周围的模拟晕中的高恒星形成率。一个更有效的超新星反馈应该能够调节这些晕的浅势阱中的恒星形成过程。

英文摘要:

Using CLARA (Code for Lyman Alpha Radiation Analysis) we constrain the escape fraction of Lyman-Alpha radiation in galaxies in the redshift range 5<z<7, based on the MareNostrum High-z Universe, a SPH cosmological simulation with more than 2 billion particles. We approximate Lyman-Alpha Emitters (LAEs) as dusty gaseous slabs with Lyman-Alpha radiation sources homogeneously mixed in the gas. Escape fractions for such a configuration and for different gas and dust contents are calculated using our newly developed radiative transfer code CLARA. The results are applied to the MareNostrum High-z Universe numerical galaxies. The model shows a weak redshift evolution and good agreement with estimations of the escape fraction as a function of reddening from observations at z \sim 2.2 and z \sim 3. We extend the slab model by including additional dust in a clumpy component in order to reproduce the UV con- tinuum luminosity function and UV colours at redshifts z>~5. The LAE Luminosity Function (LF) based on the extended clumpy model reproduces broadly the bright end of the LF derived from observations at z \sim 5 and z \sim 6. At z \sim 7 our model over-predicts the LF by roughly a factor of four, presumably because the effects of the neutral intergalactic medium are not taken into account. The remaining tension between the observed and simulated faint end of the LF, both in the UV-continuum and Lyman-Alpha at redshifts z \sim 5 and z \sim 6 points towards an overabundance of simulated LAEs hosted in haloes of masses 1.0x10^10h-1Msol < Mh < 4.0x10^10h-1Msol. Given the difficulties in explaining the observed overabundance by dust absorption, a probable origin of the mismatch are the high star formation rates in the simulated haloes around the quoted mass range. A more efficient supernova feedback should be able to regulate the star formation process in the shallow potential wells of these haloes.

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