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arXiv 1104.5445astro-ph.SR
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磁场对分子云核cosmic-ray电离的影响

Effects of magnetic fields on the cosmic-ray ionization of molecular cloud cores

Marco Padovani, Daniele Galli

摘要:

低能宇宙射线是分子云核心电离的主要来源。电离分数,反过来,控制耦合的磁场的气体,从而动态演变的核心。本工作的目的是考虑到磁聚焦、磁镜像和所有相关的能量损失过程,计算云核中宇宙射线通量率的衰减。我们采用一个质量通量比为2的超临界标准云模型来描述低质量无星核的密度和磁场分布,并跟踪宇宙射线沿不同质量的通量管在核中的传播.然后,我们扩展我们的分析,以不同的质量流量比的核心。我们发现,镜像总是占主导地位的聚焦,这意味着宇宙射线电离率的减少约2-3倍的大部分太阳质量的核心相对于在云间介质的核心外的值。对于包封较大质量的通量管,缩减因子较小,因为场在较大半径和较低密度下变得越来越均匀。我们还发现,宇宙射线电离率进一步降低,在云与较强的磁场,例如,由约4的一个因素,对于一个边缘临界云。穿过分子云核的磁场影响低能宇宙射线的穿透,并根据核内的位置和核的磁化强度将电离率降低3-4倍。

英文摘要:

Low-energy cosmic rays are the dominant source of ionization for molecular cloud cores. The ionization fraction, in turn, controls the coupling of the magnetic field to the gas and hence the dynamical evolution of the cores. The purpose of this work is to compute the attenuation of the cosmic-ray flux rate in a cloud core taking into account magnetic focusing, magnetic mirroring, and all relevant energy loss processes. We adopt a standard cloud model characterized by a mass-to-flux ratio supercritical by a factor of about 2 to describe the density and magnetic field distribution of a low-mass starless core, and we follow the propagation of cosmic rays through the core along flux tubes enclosing different amount of mass. We then extend our analysis to cores with different mass-to-flux ratios. We find that mirroring always dominates over focusing, implying a reduction of the cosmic-ray ionization rate by a factor of about 2-3 over most of a solar-mass core with respect to the value in the intercloud medium outside the core. For flux tubes enclosing larger masses the reduction factor is smaller, since the field becomes increasingly uniform at larger radii and lower densities. We also find that the cosmic-ray ionization rate is further reduced in clouds with stronger magnetic field, e.g. by a factor of about 4 for a marginally critical cloud. The magnetic field threading molecular cloud cores affects the penetration of low-energy cosmic rays and reduces the ionization rate by a factor 3-4 depending on the position inside the core and the magnetization of the core.

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