arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1104.4181astro-ph.HE
收藏

NGC 4258 X射线光变的耀斑模型

The flare model for X-ray variability of NGC 4258

T. Trzesniewski, B. Czerny, V. Karas, T. Pechacek, M. Dovciak, R. Goosmann, M. Nikolajuk

摘要:

本文在耀斑模型的框架下研究了活动星系核(AGN)的光变机制。为此,我们研究的情况下,塞弗特/LINER星系NGC 4258,这是在大倾角观测,并表现出快速波动的X射线光变曲线。我们构造了一个模型光变曲线的基础上的假设,磁耀斑本地化的赤道平面和轨道与开普勒速度在每个给定的半径。我们计算的变化水平作为一个函数的倾斜的观察者,考虑到所有的影响,广义相对论附近的旋转超大质量黑洞。变率水平是源倾角的单调函数。当黑洞自旋(克尔参数)和辐射率(径向分布的指数β)较大时,它的上升速度更快。我们比较了预期的变化水平的视角为81.6度,推断为NGC 4258,与中等视角的情况下,约30度,典型的塞弗特1型星系。像这样的高度倾斜的源特别适合于测试耀斑模型,因为当吸积盘几乎在边缘上时,轨道运动、多普勒增强和光弯曲的影响都有望达到最大值。该模型与NGC 4258的变率一致,其中遮蔽物质被认为主要集中在赤道面,而不是形成一个几何厚环面。一旦耀斑持续时间的内在时间尺度被确定到更高的精度,这种高度倾斜的对象与一个精确的已知质量的黑洞可以用来设置独立的约束的自旋参数。

英文摘要:

We study the variability mechanism of active galactic nuclei (AGN) within the framework of the flare model. To this end we examine the case of Seyfert/LINER galaxy NGC 4258, which is observed at high inclination angle and exhibits rapid fluctuations of the X-ray light curve. We construct a model light curve based on the assumption of magnetic flares localized in the equatorial plane and orbiting with Keplerian speed at each given radius. We calculate the level of variability as a function of the inclination of an observer, taking into account all effects of general relativity near a rotating supermassive black hole. The variability level is a monotonic function of the source inclination. It rises more rapidly for larger values of the black hole spin (Kerr parameter) and for steeper emissivity (index beta of the radial profile). We compare the expected level of variability for the viewing angle 81.6 deg, as inferred for NGC 4258, with the case of moderate viewing angles about 30 deg, typical for Seyfert type-1 galaxies. Highly inclined sources such as this one are particularly suitable to test the flare model because the effects of orbital motion, Doppler boosting and light bending are all expected to have maximum when the accretion disk is seen almost edge-on. The model is consistent with the NGC 4258 variability, where the obscuring material is thought to be localized mainly towards the equatorial plane rather than forming a geometrically thick torus. Once the intrinsic time-scales of the flare duration are determined to better precision, this kind of highly inclined objects with a precisely known mass of the black hole can be used to set independent constraints on the spin parameter.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑