硬球玻璃的析晶机理
Crystallization Mechanism of Hard Sphere Glasses
摘要：
在过冷液体中，玻璃化通常抑制结晶。然而，有些玻璃尽管阻止了扩散运动，仍然可以结晶。这个不太清楚的过程可能会限制玻璃的稳定性，但其微观机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们提出了广泛的计算机模拟解决在恒定体积（如在胶体实验）的单分散硬球玻璃的结晶。出现多个结晶斑块，而颗粒不必扩散超过一个直径。随着这些斑块的增长，邻近地区的流动性增强，产生了具有正反馈的动态异质性。未来的结晶模式不能单独从坐标预测：结晶收益的随机微成核事件的序列，在空间上相关的紧急动态异质性。
英文摘要：
In supercooled liquids, vitrification generally suppresses crystallization. Yet some glasses can still crystallize despite the arrest of diffusive motion. This ill-understood process may limit the stability of glasses, but its microscopic mechanism is not yet known. Here we present extensive computer simulations addressing the crystallization of monodisperse hard-sphere glasses at constant volume (as in a colloid experiment). Multiple crystalline patches appear without particles having to diffuse more than one diameter. As these patches grow, the mobility in neighbouring areas is enhanced, creating dynamic heterogeneity with positive feedback. The future crystallization pattern cannot be predicted from the coordinates alone: crystallization proceeds by a sequence of stochastic micro-nucleation events, correlated in space by emergent dynamic heterogeneity.
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