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arXiv 1104.3593astro-ph.SR
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四次大爆发太阳耀斑的能量和螺旋度预报

Predictions of energy and helicity in four major eruptive solar flares

Maria D. Kazachenko, Richard C. Canfield, Dana W. Longcope, Jiong Qiu

摘要:

为了更好地理解行星际磁云(MC)的太阳成因,我们模拟了四个大型爆发性太阳耀斑的磁场和拓扑性质,并将它们与观测结果联系起来。我们使用三维最小电流日冕模型\cite{Longcope1996d}和耀斑前光球磁场和耀斑带的观测值导出重连磁通量,耀斑能量,磁绳螺旋度和磁绳极向场的方向。我们比较模型预测的这些数量耀斑和MC观测和估计的不确定性的方法,发现以下。模型预测的重联通量等于或低于从观测到的带状运动推断的重联通量。观测到的和模式的重联通量匹配MC极向通量。预测的磁绳螺旋度匹配MC螺旋度。预测的自由能介于观测能量和估计的总耀斑光度之间。MC的极向场的前缘的方向与AR中的通量绳的极向场而不是全局偶极场对准。这些发现使我们相信,与这四个太阳耀斑有关的磁云是在爆发过程中由低日冕磁重联形成的,而不是日冕中已有结构的爆发或在全球磁场参与下在上日冕中形成的。我们还注意到,由于所有四个耀斑都发生在活动区,没有显著的耀斑前通量出现和取消,我们发现的能量和螺旋度是通过剪切和旋转运动存储的,这足以解释观测到的辐射耀斑能量和MC螺旋度。

英文摘要:

n order to better understand the solar genesis of interplanetary magnetic clouds (MCs) we model the magnetic and topological properties of four large eruptive solar flares and relate them to observations. We use the three-dimensional Minimum Current Corona model \cite{Longcope1996d} and observations of pre-flare photospheric magnetic field and flare ribbons to derive values of reconnected magnetic flux, flare energy, flux rope helicity and orientation of the flux rope poloidal field. We compare model predictions of those quantities to flare and MC observations and within the estimated uncertainties of the methods used find the following. The predicted model reconnection fluxes are equal to or lower than the reconnection fluxes inferred from the observed ribbon motions. Both observed and model reconnection fluxes match the MC poloidal fluxes. The predicted flux rope helicities match the MC helicities. The predicted free energies lie between the observed energies and the estimated total flare luminosities. The direction of the leading edge of the MC's poloidal field is aligned with the poloidal field of the flux rope in the AR rather than the global dipole field. These findings compel us to believe that magnetic clouds associated with these four solar flares are formed by low-corona magnetic reconnection during the eruption, rather than eruption of pre-existing structures in the corona or formation in the upper corona with participation of the global magnetic field. We also note that since all four flares occurred in active regions without significant pre-flare flux emergence and cancellation, the energy and helicity we find are stored by shearing and rotating motions, which are sufficient to account for the observed radiative flare energy and MC helicity.

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