一维垫脚石模型中的竞争与合作
Competition and cooperation in one-dimensional stepping stone models
摘要：
合作互惠是推动进化和维持生态系统的主要力量。虽然空间自由度和数量波动的重要性是众所周知的，但它们对互利共生的影响还没有完全理解。考虑到微生物的范围扩张，我们表明，即使互利共生赋予一个明显的选择优势，它只存在于人口密度高，迁移频繁。当这些参数减少时，互惠通常通过定向渗透过程失去，相图受到异常DP2转变的强烈影响。
英文摘要：
Cooperative mutualism is a major force driving evolution and sustaining ecosystems. Although the importance of spatial degrees of freedom and number fluctuations is well-known, their effects on mutualism are not fully understood. With range expansions of microbes in mind, we show that, even when mutualism confers a distinct selective advantage, it persists only in populations with high density and frequent migrations. When these parameters are reduced, mutualism is generically lost via a directed percolation process, with a phase diagram strongly influenced by an exceptional DP2 transition.
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