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arXiv 1104.2352cond-mat.quant-gas
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具有排斥相互作用的自旋1/2费米子的热力学、自旋-电荷分离和关联函数

Thermodynamics, spin-charge separation and correlation functions of spin-1/2 fermions with repulsive interaction

J. Y. Lee, X. W. Guan, K. Sakai, M. T. Batchelor

摘要:

利用热力学Bethe近似方法研究了在外加磁场中具有强排斥作用的一维自旋1/2费米子的低温热力学和关联函数.在弱磁场中,利用Wiener-Hopf方法导出了该模型的精确热力学解。结果表明,有效Tomonaga-Luttinger液体和反铁磁SU(2)Heisenberg自旋链的低能物理可以用自旋-电荷分离的共形场论来描述。然而,这两种类型的共形不变的低位激发可能会打破激发发生远离费米点。通过求解缀饰电荷方程和保角变换,详细推导了零温下存在磁场时该模型的关联函数和临界指数的长距离渐近性质。此外,我们还计算了关联函数特殊情况下的共形维数。这些关联函数的主导项明确给出了一个弱磁场$H\ll 1$和磁场接近临界场$H\rightarrow H_{c}$。我们的分析结果提供了在一维多体物理学的普遍热力学和临界性的见解。

英文摘要:

We investigate the low temperature thermodynamics and correlation functions of one-dimensional spin-1/2 fermions with strong repulsion in an external magnetic field via the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz method. The exact thermodynamics of the model in a weak magnetic field is derived with the help of Wiener-Hopf techniques. It turns out that the low energy physics can be described by spin-charge separated conformal field theories of an effective Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and an antiferromagnetic SU(2) Heisenberg spin chain. However, these two types of conformally invariant low-lying excitations may break down as excitations take place far away from the Fermi points. The long distance asymptotics of the correlation functions and the critical exponents for the model in the presence of a magnetic field at zero temperature are derived in detail by solving dressed charge equations and by conformal mapping. Furthermore, we calculate the conformal dimensions for particular cases of correlation functions. The leading terms of these correlation functions are given explicitly for a weak magnetic field $H\ll 1$ and for a magnetic field close to the critical field $H\rightarrow H_{c}$. Our analytical results provide insights into universal thermodynamics and criticality in one-dimensional many-body physics.

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