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arXiv 1104.1987cs.LOmath.CAmath.DSmath.LO
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微分不变量的结构与微分割消元

The Structure of Differential Invariants and Differential Cut Elimination

Andre Platzer

摘要:

混合系统验证的最大挑战是微分方程的处理。由于可计算的封闭形式的解决方案只存在于非常简单的微分方程,证明证书已经提出了更可扩展的验证。然而,这些证明证书的搜索过程仍然是相当特殊的,因为对问题结构的理解很差。我们研究微分不变量,它定义了微分方程的归纳原理,并且可以通过使用它们的微分结构来检查微分方程的不变性,而不必求解它们。研究了微分不变量的结构性质。为了分析证明搜索复杂性的权衡,我们确定了几类微分不变量之间的十几种关系,并比较了它们的演绎能力。作为我们的主要结果,我们分析了微分割的演绎能力和带有辅助微分变量的微分不变量的演绎能力。我们反驳了差分切割消除假设,并表明,与标准切割,差分切割的基本证明原则,严格增加了演绎能力。我们还证明了演绎能力进一步增加时,添加辅助微分变量的动态。

英文摘要:

The biggest challenge in hybrid systems verification is the handling of differential equations. Because computable closed-form solutions only exist for very simple differential equations, proof certificates have been proposed for more scalable verification. Search procedures for these proof certificates are still rather ad-hoc, though, because the problem structure is only understood poorly. We investigate differential invariants, which define an induction principle for differential equations and which can be checked for invariance along a differential equation just by using their differential structure, without having to solve them. We study the structural properties of differential invariants. To analyze trade-offs for proof search complexity, we identify more than a dozen relations between several classes of differential invariants and compare their deductive power. As our main results, we analyze the deductive power of differential cuts and the deductive power of differential invariants with auxiliary differential variables. We refute the differential cut elimination hypothesis and show that, unlike standard cuts, differential cuts are fundamental proof principles that strictly increase the deductive power. We also prove that the deductive power increases further when adding auxiliary differential variables to the dynamics.

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