受随机外力驱动的谐振子的功涨落
Work fluctuations for a harmonic oscillator driven by an external random force
摘要：
研究了外加高斯随机力作用于与热浴接触的谐振子所作功的涨落。我们得到了精确的大偏差函数以及概率密度函数的完全渐近形式。所做的工作的分布被发现是非高斯。定态涨落定理仅在外部随机强迫和热噪声的方差之比小于1/3时成立。另一方面，瞬态波动定理（渐近地）对该比率的所有值都成立。概率密度函数的理论渐近形式与数值计算和实验结果非常吻合。
英文摘要：
The fluctuations of the work done by an external Gaussian random force on a harmonic oscillator that is also in contact with a thermal bath is studied. We have obtained the exact large deviation function as well as the complete asymptotic forms of the probability density function. The distribution of the work done are found to be non-Gaussian. The steady state fluctuation theorem holds only if the ratio of the variances, of the external random forcing and the thermal noise respectively, is less than 1/3. On the other hand, the transient fluctuation theorem holds (asymptotically) for all the values of that ratio. The theoretical asymptotic forms of the probability density function are in very good agreement with the numerics as well as with an experiment.
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