X射线散斑的持续振荡：Pt（001）阶跃流
Persistent Oscillations of X-ray Speckles: Pt (001) Step Flow
摘要：
我们在六方重构的Pt（001）表面上进行了相干X射线散射实验，研究了温度依赖的表面动力学。通过关联在（001）反布拉格位置处收集的散斑图案，我们能够在平均非相干X射线散射呈现静态时测量表面动态。在温度范围以上的旋转外延过渡和以下的粗糙化过渡（1750 K - 1830 K），我们已经观察到定义良好的振荡自相关的散斑持续数十分钟，除了预期的热去相关。所观察到的振荡表明由于“阶流”运动的表面动力学。这用简单的模型示出，其中来自照明区域内的台阶的散射X射线的相位保持在相干X射线散射中。这证明了一种可能性，即除了传统的去相关测量之外，X射线散斑可以用于监测表面的实时空间实时演化。
英文摘要：
We have performed coherent x-ray scattering experiments on the hexagonally reconstructed Pt (001) surface to study the temperature-dependent surface dynamics. By correlating speckle patterns collected at the (001) anti-Bragg position we are able to measure surface dynamics when the averaged incoherent x-ray scattering appears static. In the temperature range above the rotational epitaxy transition and below the roughening transition (1750 K - 1830 K), we have observed well-defined oscillatory autocorrelations of speckles that persist for tens of minutes, in addition to the expected thermal decorrelation. The observed oscillations indicate surface dynamics due to "step-flow" motion. This is shown with a simple model in which the phase of the scattered x-rays from the steps within the illumination area is retained in the coherent x-ray scattering. This demonstrates a possibility that x-ray speckles can be used to monitor the real-space real-time evolution of surfaces in addition to the traditional decorrelation measurements.
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