通过玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚在环面中卷起超流体
Winding up superfluid in a torus via Bose Einstein condensation
摘要：
我们采用随机Gross-Pitaevskii方程模拟了圆环中的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（BEC），并表明通过临界温度的冷却可以在新生凝聚环周围产生自发的量子化循环.所得缠绕数的分散遵循由Kibble-Zurek机制（KZM）预测的标度律。密度增长也表现出与KZM一致的标度行为。这为KZM标度的实验验证和BEC转变临界指数的实验测定铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
We simulate Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in a ring employing stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation and show that cooling through the critical temperature can generate spontaneous quantized circulation around the ring of the newborn condensate. Dispersion of the resulting winding numbers follows scaling law predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). Density growth also exhibits scaling behavior consistent with KZM. This paves a way towards experimental verification of KZM scalings, and experimental determination of critical exponents for the BEC transition.
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