高时间分辨率宇宙巡天计划（英语：High Time Resolution Universe Survey）- III。单脉冲搜索和初步分析
The High Time Resolution Universe Survey - III. Single-pulse searches and preliminary analysis
摘要：
本文介绍了高时间分辨率宇宙巡天（HTRU）中瞬变射电信号的搜索方法和初步结果。HTRU调查的单脉冲搜索，软件设计执行搜索，并确定HTRU调查的灵敏度，单脉冲的描述。初步处理的一小部分调查产生了11个发现，所有这些都是稀疏发射的中子星，以及提供了两个以前未经证实的中子星的确认。大多数新发现的天体位于以前勘测过的区域，这表明高温气冷实验室勘测观测系统的灵敏度有所提高，而且无线电天空具有动态性质。在确定这些人口之间的关系的背景下，积极的和零状态的循环零中子星，旋转无线电瞬变（RRAT），和长期间歇性中子星探索，和搜索的灵敏度的各种无线电间歇性中子星人口。该分析支持许多RRAT实际上是高空分数的情况（即，e.空值分数>~0.95），表明间歇性爆发与空值爆发在活动周期时间尺度上有明显区别。我们发现，在测量的人口中，有一个赤字，典型的排放时间尺度大于300秒，这是不容易解释的选择效应。HTRU低纬度调查将能够解决这一缺陷是否是物理性的。我们预测，HTRU调查将探索具有宽范围的零分数（高达和超过0.999），并在其完成可能会增加目前已知的RRAT的两倍以上。
英文摘要：
We present the search methods and initial results for transient radio signals in the High Time Resolution Universe (HTRU) Survey. The HTRU survey's single-pulse search, the software designed to perform the search, and a determination of the HTRU survey's sensitivity to single pulses are described. Initial processing of a small fraction of the survey has produced 11 discoveries, all of which are sparsely-emitting neutron stars, as well as provided confirmation of two previously unconfirmed neutron stars. Most of the newly discovered objects lie in regions surveyed previously, indicating both the improved sensitivity of the HTRU survey observing system and the dynamic nature of the radio sky. The cycles of active and null states in nulling pulsars, rotating radio transients (RRATs), and long-term intermittent pulsars are explored in the context of determining the relationship between these populations, and of the sensitivity of a search to the various radio-intermittent neutron star populations. This analysis supports the case that many RRATs are in fact high-null-fraction pulsars (i. e. with null fraction >~0.95), and indicates that intermittent pulsars appear distinct from nulling pulsars in their activity cycle timescales. We find that in the measured population, there is a deficit of pulsars with typical emission timescales greater than ~300 s that is not readily explained by selection effects. The HTRU low-latitude survey will be capable of addressing whether this deficit is physical. We predict that the HTRU survey will explore pulsars with a broad range of nulling fractions (up to and beyond 0.999), and at its completion is likely to increase the currently known RRATs by a factor of more than two.
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