二维莫特绝缘体的相干光散射
Coherent light scattering from a two-dimensional Mott insulator
摘要：
实验研究了二维晶格中原子莫特绝缘体的相干光散射。在用探测光束对原子进行激光冷却的同时，对由几百个原子组成的小云团的远场衍射图样进行了成像。我们描述了一个简单的解析模型的衍射峰的位置和峰参数的标度。与布拉格散射相反，来自单个平面的散射对于任何入射角都产生衍射峰。我们证明了通过光散射检测自旋相关性的可行性，通过人工创建一个一维的反铁磁秩序作为密度波和观察额外的衍射峰的出现。
英文摘要：
We experimentally demonstrate coherent light scattering from an atomic Mott insulator in a two-dimensional lattice. The far-field diffraction pattern of small clouds of a few hundred atoms was imaged while simultaneously laser cooling the atoms with the probe beams. We describe the position of the diffraction peaks and the scaling of the peak parameters by a simple analytic model. In contrast to Bragg scattering, scattering from a single plane yields diffraction peaks for any incidence angle. We demonstrate the feasibility of detecting spin correlations via light scattering by artificially creating a one-dimensional antiferromagnetic order as a density wave and observing the appearance of additional diffraction peaks.
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