太阳跟踪方程
Equations for solar tracking
摘要：
微量气体对太阳光的直接吸收可以用来量化它们并研究大气化学。在这样的实验中，主要的光学仪器通常是光栅或傅里叶变换光谱仪。还需要一个基于电动旋转镜的太阳跟踪器来沿着光谱仪轴引导光线，以校正太阳的视旋转。计算给定时间和位置的太阳方位角和高度角可以以高精度实现，但是在定位反射镜时，实际上会出现不同的角度偏移源。几乎总是需要使用靠近光谱仪的光位置传感器对电机进行反馈。本文旨在收集使用广泛使用的太阳跟踪器所需的主要几何公式，该跟踪器基于两个45°反射镜，在光谱仪上安装有光传感器，并以我们小组为大气研究开发的跟踪器来说明它们。
英文摘要：
Direct Sun light absorption by trace gases can be used to quantify them and investigate atmospheric chemistry. In such experiments, the main optical apparatus is often a grating or a Fourier transform spectrometer. A solar tracker based on motorized rotating mirrors is also needed to direct the light along the spectrometer axis, correcting for the apparent rotation of the Sun. Calculating the Sun azimuth and altitude for a given time and location can be achieved with high accuracy but different sources of angular offsets appear in practice when positioning the mirrors. A feedback on the motors, using a light position sensor closed to the spectrometer is almost always needed. This paper aims to gather the main geometrical formulas necessary for the use of a widely used kind of solar tracker, based on two 45° mirrors in altazimuthal set-up with a light sensor on the spectrometer, and to illustrate them with a tracker developed for atmospheric research by our group.
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