无时空的黑洞蒸发率
Black hole evaporation rates without spacetime
摘要：
Verlinde最近提出，引力、惯性，甚至时空都可能是热力学理论中涌现出来的性质。这一观点的部分动机是雅各布森1995年的惊人结果，即爱因斯坦引力方程是由事件视界的热力学性质得出的。在这样一个计划中，我们迈出了第一个尝试性的步骤，我们以无时空的方式导出了黑洞事件视界的蒸发率（或辐射谱）。我们的结果依赖于一个希尔伯特空间描述的黑洞蒸发，其中的对称性，遵循从固有的高维黑洞，全球守恒的无毛量，和彭罗斯过程的存在。我们的分析并不拘泥于标准的广义相对论，因此应该适用于扩展的引力理论，我们发现在任何广义面积定理中，黑洞的面积都必须用其他性质来代替。
英文摘要：
Verlinde recently suggested that gravity, inertia, and even spacetime may be emergent properties of an underlying thermodynamic theory. This vision was motivated in part by Jacobson's 1995 surprise result that the Einstein equations of gravity follow from the thermodynamic properties of event horizons. Taking a first tentative step in such a program, we derive the evaporation rate (or radiation spectrum) from black hole event horizons in a spacetime-free manner. Our result relies on a Hilbert space description of black hole evaporation, symmetries therein which follow from the inherent high dimensionality of black holes, global conservation of the no-hair quantities, and the existence of Penrose processes. Our analysis is not wedded to standard general relativity and so should apply to extended gravity theories where we find that the black hole area must be replaced by some other property in any generalized area theorem.
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