开源软件中语言使用演化的研究
A Study of Language Usage Evolution in Open Source Software
摘要：
在开放源码软件（OSS）中使用诸如Java和C之类的程序设计语言已经得到了很好的研究。然而，许多其他流行的语言，如XSL或XML，却没有受到太多的关注。在本文中，我们讨论了一些趋势，在OSS的发展，我们观察到当考虑到多种程序设计语言的发展。基于22个开放源码软件项目的修订数据，我们跟踪了语言使用和其他人工制品（如文档文件、二进制文件和图形文件）的演变。在这些系统中，已经使用了几种不同的语言和人工制品类型，包括C/C++、Java、XML、XSL、Makefile、Groovy、HTML、Shell脚本、CSS、图形文件、JavaScript、JSP、Ruby、Phyton、XQuery、OpenDocument文件、PHP等。我们发现，用不同语言编写的代码数量有很大差异。我们的一些发现可以总结如下：（1）JavaScript和CSS文件通常与XSL共同发展;（2）大多数Java开发人员，但只有每隔一段时间的C/C++开发人员使用XML;（3）更普遍的是，我们观察到近年来XML和XSL的使用显著增加，并发现Java或C几乎不是开发人员使用的唯一语言。事实上，一个开发人员在一个项目中平均使用超过5种不同的工件类型（或4种不同的语言）。
英文摘要：
The use of programming languages such as Java and C in Open Source Software (OSS) has been well studied. However, many other popular languages such as XSL or XML have received minor attention. In this paper, we discuss some trends in OSS development that we observed when considering multiple programming language evolution of OSS. Based on the revision data of 22 OSS projects, we tracked the evolution of language usage and other artefacts such as documentation files, binaries and graphics files. In these systems several different languages and artefact types including C/C++, Java, XML, XSL, Makefile, Groovy, HTML, Shell scripts, CSS, Graphics files, JavaScript, JSP, Ruby, Phyton, XQuery, OpenDocument files, PHP, etc. have been used. We found that the amount of code written in different languages differs substantially. Some of our findings can be summarized as follows: (1) JavaScript and CSS files most often co-evolve with XSL; (2) Most Java developers but only every second C/C++ developer work with XML; (3) and more generally, we observed a significant increase of usage of XML and XSL during recent years and found that Java or C are hardly ever the only language used by a developer. In fact, a developer works with more than 5 different artefact types (or 4 different languages) in a project on average.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
