可积系统中预热化平台的广义Gibbs系综预测及其与非热定态的关系
Generalized Gibbs ensemble prediction of prethermalization plateaus and their relation to nonthermal steady states in integrable systems
摘要：
在可积哈密顿量的基态中制备的量子多体系统，在突然的小参数猝灭离开可积性之后，不会直接热化。相反，它将被困在一个预热化状态，只能在稍后阶段热化。我们讨论了几个例子，这个预热化状态的股份与非热稳定状态，出现在相应的可积系统的一些属性。这些例子支持了这样一种观点，即可积系统中的非热稳态可以被看作是永不进一步衰变的预热化态。此外，我们表明，prethermalization高原在一定条件下正确预测广义吉布斯系综，这是适当的扩展标准统计力学中存在的许多常数的运动。这就建立了可积和近可积系统的弛豫行为是连续联系的，并由同一统计理论描述。
英文摘要：
A quantum many-body system which is prepared in the ground state of an integrable Hamiltonian does not directly thermalize after a sudden small parameter quench away from integrability. Rather, it will be trapped in a prethermalized state and can thermalize only at a later stage. We discuss several examples for which this prethermalized state shares some properties with the nonthermal steady state that emerges in the corresponding integrable system. These examples support the notion that nonthermal steady states in integrable systems may be viewed as prethermalized states that never decay further. Furthermore we show that prethermalization plateaus are under certain conditions correctly predicted by generalized Gibbs ensembles, which are the appropriate extension of standard statistical mechanics in the presence of many constants of motion. This establishes that the relaxation behaviors of integrable and nearly integrable systems are continuously connected and described by the same statistical theory.
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