NGC 4051的同时Chandra HETG和Suzaku X射线观测
Contemporaneous Chandra HETG and Suzaku X-ray Observations of NGC 4051
摘要：
我们提出的结果，深300 KS钱德拉HETG观测的高度可变的窄线塞弗特1型星系NGC 4051。HETG光谱揭示了28条发射或吸收的显著软X射线电离线;主要源自O、Ne、Mg和Si的类H和类He K壳层跃迁（包括O VII和Ne IX的高阶线和强禁戒发射线）加上从Fe XVII到Fe XXII的高电离L壳层跃迁和较低电离内壳层线（例如O VI）。用XSTAR对数据进行建模需要四个不同的气体电离区，所有的气体都以< 1000 km/s的速度流出。最强的发射/吸收线的选择似乎与~600 km/s的FWHM解决。我们还提出了从准同步350 ks朱雀观测NGC 4051的XIS光谱显示强有力的证据蓝移吸收线在~6.8和~7.1 keV，与以前的研究结果一致的结果。用XSTAR模拟表明，这是一个高度电离的高速外流（log ψ ~ 4.1; v ~ -0.02c）的特征，它可能通过反馈对宿主星系环境产生重大影响。最后，我们还同时建模的宽带2008年XIS+HXD朱雀数据与档案朱雀数据从2005年开始，当源被观察到已进入一个长期的低通量，试图分析的长期光谱变化的原因。我们发现，我们可以解释这一点，通过允许大的变化，在规范化的内在的幂律分量，这可能被解释为是由于显着的变化，覆盖分数的康普顿厚的部分覆盖物掩盖了中央连续谱发射。
英文摘要：
We present the results of a deep 300 ks Chandra HETG observation of the highly variable narrow-line Seyfert Type 1 galaxy NGC 4051. The HETG spectrum reveals 28 significant soft X-ray ionised lines in either emission or absorption; primarily originating from H-like and He-like K-shell transitions of O, Ne, Mg and Si (including higher order lines and strong forbidden emission lines from O VII and Ne IX) plus high ionisation L-shell transitions from Fe XVII to Fe XXII and lower ionisation inner-shell lines (e.g. O VI). Modelling the data with XSTAR requires four distinct ionisation zones for the gas, all outflowing with velocities < 1000 km/s. A selection of the strongest emission/absorption lines appear to be resolved with FWHM of ~600 km/s. We also present the results from a quasi-simultaneous 350 ks Suzaku observation of NGC 4051 where the XIS spectrum reveals strong evidence for blueshifted absorption lines at ~6.8 and ~7.1 keV, consistent with previous findings. Modelling with XSTAR suggests that this is the signature of a highly ionised, high velocity outflow (log ξ~ 4.1; v ~ -0.02c) which potentially may have a significant effect on the host galaxy environment via feedback. Finally, we also simultaneously model the broad-band 2008 XIS+HXD Suzaku data with archival Suzaku data from 2005 when the source was observed to have entered an extended period of low flux in an attempt to analyse the cause of the long-term spectral variability. We find that we can account for this by allowing for large variations in the normalisation of the intrinsic power-law component which may be interpreted as being due to significant changes in the covering fraction of a Compton-thick partial-coverer obscuring the central continuum emission.
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