亚平宁山脉中部陆壳中U和Th含量：对确定LNGS地球中微子通量的贡献
U and Th content in the Central Apennines continental crust: a contribution to the determination of the geo-neutrinos flux at LNGS
摘要：
根据对该地区的详细地质、地球化学和地球物理研究，确定了该地区对格兰萨索国家实验室（LNGS）的地球中微子信号的贡献。对中、新生代沉积盖层主要岩石类型的50余个样品进行了U、Th丰度分析。根据相似的古地理条件和矿物学特征，将沉积岩分为四个主要的“储层”。基岩在该地区不出露。因此，分析了Valsugana和Ivrea-Verbano地区上地壳和下地壳中的U和Th。根据地质和地球物理特性，计算了各种储层的相对丰度，并用于获得三个地质层（沉积盖层、上地壳和下地壳）中每一层的加权铀和钍丰度。利用现有的地震剖面图以及多口勘探井的地层记录，在2^{ \circ }x2^{ \circ }的区域内建立了三维模型，一直到莫霍面深度，总体积约为1.2x10^6 km^3。该模型使我们能够确定各地质层的体积，并最终整合LNGS下整个地壳的Th和U含量。在此基础上，计算了本地对地中微子通量的贡献，并将其与世界其他地区的贡献相加，得到了LNGS Borexino探测器中地中微子信号的精细参考模型预测：S（U）=（28.7 \pm 3.9）TNU和S（Th）=（7.5 \pm 1.0）TNU。Mantovani等人（2004年）先前获得了超过总通量约4 TNU的超额，他们根据全球通用假设计算出40.5 TNU的信号。LNGS附近地区的沉积岩厚度相当大，几乎主要以贫U和Th的碳酸盐岩为代表，这是造成这种差异的原因。
英文摘要：
The regional contribution to the geo-neutrino signal at Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) was determined based on a detailed geological, geochemical and geophysical study of the region. U and Th abundances of more than 50 samples representative of the main lithotypes belonging to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary cover were analyzed. Sedimentary rocks were grouped into four main "Reservoirs" based on similar paleogeographic conditions and mineralogy. Basement rocks do not outcrop in the area. Thus U and Th in the Upper and Lower Crust of Valsugana and Ivrea-Verbano areas were analyzed. Based on geological and geophysical properties, relative abundances of the various reservoirs were calculated and used to obtain the weighted U and Th abundances for each of the three geological layers (Sedimentary Cover, Upper and Lower Crust). Using the available seismic profile as well as the stratigraphic records from a number of exploration wells, a 3D modelling was developed over an area of 2^{\circ}x2^{\circ} down to the Moho depth, for a total volume of about 1.2x10^6 km^3. This model allowed us to determine the volume of the various geological layers and eventually integrate the Th and U contents of the whole crust beneath LNGS. On this base the local contribution to the geo-neutrino flux (S) was calculated and added to the contribution given by the rest of the world, yielding a Refined Reference Model prediction for the geo-neutrino signal in the Borexino detector at LNGS: S(U) = (28.7 \pm 3.9) TNU and S(Th) = (7.5 \pm 1.0) TNU. An excess over the total flux of about 4 TNU was previously obtained by Mantovani et al. (2004) who calculated, based on general worldwide assumptions, a signal of 40.5 TNU. The considerable thickness of the sedimentary rocks, almost predominantly represented by U- and Th- poor carbonatic rocks in the area near LNGS, is responsible for this difference.
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