希格斯机制的规范不变解释
Gauge invariant accounts of the Higgs mechanism
摘要：
希格斯机制赋予杨-米尔斯规范玻色子质量。根据传统观点，这是通过规范对称性的自发破缺而发生的。然而，规范对称性仅仅反映了态描述中的冗余性，因此自发破缺不是必不可少的成分。事实上，正如希格斯和基布尔已经证明的那样，这个机制可以用规范不变变量来解释，而不需要自发对称性破缺。在本文中，我们提出了一个一般性的讨论，这种规范不变的治疗的情况下，阿贝尔希格斯模型，在经典场论。因此，我们区分了两种不同的规范概念：一种将所有局部变换都视为规范，另一种将规范与决定论的失败联系起来。
英文摘要：
The Higgs mechanism gives mass to Yang-Mills gauge bosons. According to the conventional wisdom, this happens through the spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetry. Yet, gauge symmetries merely reflect a redundancy in the state description and therefore the spontaneous breaking can not be an essential ingredient. Indeed, as already shown by Higgs and Kibble, the mechanism can be explained in terms of gauge invariant variables, without invoking spontaneous symmetry breaking. In this paper, we present a general discussion of such gauge invariant treatments for the case of the Abelian Higgs model, in the context of classical field theory. We thereby distinguish between two different notions of gauge: one that takes all local transformations to be gauge and one that relates gauge to a failure of determinism.
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