中空微球作为分段laser驱动质子加速的靶
Hollow microspheres as targets for staged laser-driven proton acceleration
摘要：
介绍了一种用于超强激光与物质相互作用实验的新型靶--空心微球。特别是，它有利于通过结合传统的目标正常鞘层加速（TNSA），热横向扩散电子的功率再循环和在一个非常简单和便宜的目标几何分级激光驱动的质子加速。在来自球体表面的一个区域的质子的TNSA期间，横向扩散的热电子形成电荷波。由于球形几何形状，该波重新聚焦在球体的相对侧上，其中开口已被激光微加工。这导致在那里建立了一个强大的瞬态电荷分离场，它可以在正确的时间后加速那些通过空穴的TNSA质子。实验证明了使用这种靶的可行性。一个再分配遇到的实验质子能谱，预测的粒子在细胞模拟和归因于瞬态场设置的振荡电流在球体表面上。
英文摘要：
A coated hollow core microsphere is introduced as a novel target in ultra-intense laser-matter interaction experiments. In particular, it facilitates staged laser-driven proton acceleration by combining conventional target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA), power recycling of hot laterally spreading electrons and staging in a very simple and cheap target geometry. During TNSA of protons from one area of the sphere surface, laterally spreading hot electrons form a charge wave. Due to the spherical geometry, this wave refocuses on the opposite side of the sphere, where an opening has been laser micromachined. This leads to a strong transient charge separation field being set up there, which can post-accelerate those TNSA protons passing through the hole at the right time. Experimentally, the feasibility of using such targets is demonstrated. A redistribution is encountered in the experimental proton energy spectra, as predicted by particle-in-cell simulations and attributed to transient fields set up by oscillating currents on the sphere surface.
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