梯度材料热整流的充分条件
Sufficient conditions for thermal rectification in graded materials
摘要：
我们解决了声子学发展的一个基本问题：寻找一种可行的热二极管。我们建立了一般梯度材料中热整流存在的充分条件。从简单的假设出发，满足通常的非调和模型，描述固体中的热传导，我们推导出一个表达式的整流。分析公式显示了如何增加整流，以及避免其随系统尺寸衰减的条件，这是由两个或三个不同部分的顺序耦合给出的二极管的经常性模型中存在的问题。此外，对于这些分级系统，我们表明，制度的非衰减整流和正常的导电性不重叠。我们的研究结果表明，梯度系统作为一个热二极管，几个声子器件的基本组成部分的最佳材料。
英文摘要：
We address a fundamental problem for the advance of phononics: the search of a feasible thermal diode. We establish sufficient conditions for the existence of thermal rectification in general graded materials. By starting from simple assumptions satisfied by the usual anharmonic models that describe heat conduction in solids, we derive an expression for the rectification. The analytical formula shows how to increase the rectification, and the conditions to avoid its decay with the system size, a problem present in the recurrent model of diodes given by the sequential coupling of two or three different parts. Moreover, for these graded systems, we show that the regimes of non-decaying rectification and of normal conductivity do not overlap. Our results indicate the graded systems as optimal materials for a thermal diode, the basic component of several devices of phononics.
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