arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1101.3701physics.comp-phphysics.plasm-ph
收藏

一种能量和电荷守恒的隐式静电粒子网格算法

An Energy- and Charge-conserving, Implicit, Electrostatic Particle-in-Cell Algorithm

Guangye Chen, Luis Chacón, Daniel C. Barnes

摘要:

本文讨论了一种新的全隐式公式的一维静电粒子模拟(PIC)等离子体方法。与早期的隐式静电PIC方法(基于线性化的Vlasov-Poisson公式)不同,我们的方法基于非线性收敛的Vlasov-Ampère(VA)模型。通过迭代粒子和场到严格的非线性收敛容限,该方法具有优越的稳定性和准确性,避免了早期隐式PIC实现中的大部分准确性陷阱。特别是,制定是稳定的时间(CFL)和空间(混叠)的不稳定性。对任意隐式时间步长的数值求解是电荷和能量守恒的。虽然动量不完全守恒,但自适应粒子子步进轨道积分器使误差保持较小,这有助于防止粒子隧穿。VA模型沿粒子轨道进行轨道平均,以执行具有粒子子步进的能量守恒定理。因此,非常大的时间步长,仅受感兴趣的动态时间尺度的约束,是可能的,而不损失精度。在数学上,该方法具有Jacobian自由牛顿-克雷洛夫求解器。在这项研究中的一个主要发展是新的时间粒子变量(位置和速度)的非线性消除。这种非线性消除,我们称之为粒子奴役,结果在非线性配方与内存的要求相比,流体计算,并为我们提供了大量的自由度方面的粒子轨道积分。给出了数值例子,证明了该方案的宣传性质。特别是,长时间的离子声波模拟表明,数值精度不会降低,即使非常大的隐式时间步长,显着的CPU增益是可能的。

英文摘要:

This paper discusses a novel fully implicit formulation for a 1D electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulation approach. Unlike earlier implicit electrostatic PIC approaches (which are based on a linearized Vlasov-Poisson formulation), ours is based on a nonlinearly converged Vlasov-Ampère (VA) model. By iterating particles and fields to a tight nonlinear convergence tolerance, the approach features superior stability and accuracy properties, avoiding most of the accuracy pitfalls in earlier implicit PIC implementations. In particular, the formulation is stable against temporal (CFL) and spatial (aliasing) instabilities. It is charge- and energy-conserving to numerical roundoff for arbitrary implicit time steps. While momentum is not exactly conserved, errors are kept small by an adaptive particle sub-stepping orbit integrator, which is instrumental to prevent particle tunneling. The VA model is orbit-averaged along particle orbits to enforce an energy conservation theorem with particle sub-stepping. As a result, very large time steps, constrained only by the dynamical time scale of interest, are possible without accuracy loss. Algorithmically, the approach features a Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov solver. A main development in this study is the nonlinear elimination of the new-time particle variables (positions and velocities). Such nonlinear elimination, which we term particle enslavement, results in a nonlinear formulation with memory requirements comparable to those of a fluid computation, and affords us substantial freedom in regards to the particle orbit integrator. Numerical examples are presented that demonstrate the advertised properties of the scheme. In particular, long-time ion acoustic wave simulations show that numerical accuracy does not degrade even with very large implicit time steps, and that significant CPU gains are possible.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑